Risky sexual behavior and associated factors among antiretroviral therapy attendees in Nekemte Referral Hospital, Western Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Figures & data

Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of PLHIV attending ART clinic at Nekemte Referral Hospital, East Wollega, Ethiopia, April, 2016

Characteristics	Frequency (n)	Percentage (%)
Sex
Male	150	44.5
Female	187	55.5
Age (years)
18–24	8	2.4
25–34	129	38.3
35–44	147	43.6
≥45	53	15.7
Educational status
No formal education	55	16.3
Primary	148	43.9
Secondary	76	22.6
College and above	58	17.2
Religion
Protestant	161	47.8
Orthodox	147	43.6
Muslim	25	7.4
Othera	4	1.2
Ethnicity
Oromo	282	83.7
Amhara	45	13.4
Otherb	10	3
Occupation
Daily laborer	88	26.1
Government employee	78	23.1
House wife	69	20.5
Private employee	52	15.4
Merchant	33	9.8
Otherc	17	5
Current residence
Urban	312	92.6
Rural	25	7.4
Marital status
Married	314	93.2
Single	17	5
Widowed/divorced	6	1.8
Monthly income (Ethiopian Birr)
≤500	159	47.2
501–999	38	11.3
≥1,000	140	41.5

Notes:

a Adventist, Catholic, Wakefata and Hawariyat,

b Tigre, Guraghe, Wolayita and Silte, and

c student, farmer, commercial sex worker, and house maid.

Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; PLHIV, people living with HIV.

Table 2 Partner-related characteristics and pattern of condom use among PLHIV attending ART clinic at Nekemte Referral Hospital, East Wollega, Ethiopia, April 2016

Characteristics	Frequency (n)	Percentage (%)
Number of partners
Single	322	95.5
Multiple	15	4.5
Type of relationship with single partner
Steady	317	98.4
Casual	5	1.6
Type of relationship with multiple partners
Steady	8	53.3
Casual	7	46.7
Sexual desire after ART
Improved	26	7.7
The same as before	186	55.2
Decreased	125	37.1
Condom use
Yes	282	83.7
No	55	16.3
Pattern of condom use
Always	226	67.1
Sometimes	56	16.6
Never	55	16.3
Failed to use condom
Steady partner	99	89.2
Casual	10	9
Both	2	1.8
Partner sero-status
Negative	76	22.6
Positive	243	72.1
Unknown	18	5.3
Disclose sero-status
Yes	321	95.3
No	16	4.7

Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; PLHIV, people living with HIV.

Table 3 Clinical and psychosocial characteristics of PLHIV attending ART clinic at Nekemte Referral Hospital, East Wollega, Ethiopia, April, 2016

Characteristics	Frequency (n)	Percentage (%)
Duration after ART
<1 year	25	7.4
1–2 years	43	12.8
>2 years	269	79.8
Current CD4 (cells/mm^3)
≤200	33	9.8
>200	304	90.2
Drink alcohol
Yes	41	12.2
No	296	87.8
Frequency of consuming alcohol (per week)
Once	27	65.9
Twice	10	24.4
Three times	3	7.3
Everyday	1	2.4
Substance use
Yes	14	4.2
No	323	95.8
Type of substances used
Chat	10	71.4
Cigarette	2	14.3
Hashish	2	14.3
Enacted stigma
No	241	71.5
Yes	96	28.5
Perceived stigma
No	198	58.8
Yes	139	41.2

Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; PLHIV, people living with HIV.

Table 4 Fertility and health service-related characteristics of PLHIV attending ART clinic at Nekemte Referral Hospital, East Wollega, Ethiopia, April, 2016

Characteristics	Frequency (n)	Percentage (%)
Number of children alive
0	26	7.7
≥1	311	92.3
Desire for a child
Yes	143	42.4
No	194	57.6
Number of children desired
1	59	41.3
2	75	52.4
≥3	9	6.3
Received education on importance of protecting from strain
Yes	231	68.5
No	106	31.5
Received education on risk reduction strategy
Yes	262	77.7
No	75	22.3
Attended HIV prevention discussion/support group
Yes	168	49.9
No	169	50.1

Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; PLHIV, people living with HIV.

Table 5 Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with risky sexual behavior among PLHIV attending ART at Nekemte Referral Hospital, April, 2016

Characteristics	Risky sexual behavior		COR (95%) CI	AOR (95%) CI	P-value
	Yes	No
Number of partners
Single	100/322 (31.1%)	222/322 (68.9%)	1
Multiple	11/15 (73.3%)	4/15 (26.7%)	6.1 (1.89, 19.64)	6.38 (1.65, 24.74)	0.007
Partner sero-status
Negative	15/76 (19.7%)	61/76 (80.3%)	1
Positive	86/243 (35.4%)	157/243 (64.6%)	2.23 (1.195, 4.15)	2.68 (1.31, 5.5)	0.007
Unknown	10/18 (55.6%)	8/18 (44.4%)	5.08 (1.713, 15.087)	0.76 (0.17, 3.32)
Disclose sero-status
Yes	99/321 (30.8%)	222/321 (69.2%)	1
No	12/16 (75%)	4/16 (25%)	6.73 (2.11, 21.376)	5.99 (1.36, 26.35)	0.018
Perceived stigma
No	49/198 (24.7%)	149/198 (75.3%)	1
Yes	62/139 (44.6%)	77/139 (55.4%)	2.45 (1.54, 3.89)	2.63 (1.5, 4.62)	0.001
Desire for a child
Yes	65/143 (45.5%)	78/143 (54.5%)	2.68 (1.68, 4.276)	2.6 (1.5, 4.51)	0.001
No	46/194 (23.7%)	148/194 (76.3%)	1
Received education on HIV strain
Yes	46/231 (19.9%)	185/231 (80.1%)	1
No	65/106 (63.1%)	41/106 (38.7%)	6.37 (3.84, 10.58)	5.64 (3.19, 9.96)	<0.001

Abbreviations: AOR, adjusted odds ratio; ART, antiretroviral therapy; COR, crude odds ratio; PLHIV, people living with HIV.