Cryptosporidiosis And Other Intestinal Parasitic Infections And Concomitant Threats Among HIV-Infected Children In Southern Ethiopia Receiving First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy

Figures & data

Table 1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics Of Study Subjects For The Study Of Cryptosporidium And Other Intestinal Parasites Among HIV Positive Children In Southern Ethiopia

Variables	Frequency		Presence Of Any Parasite		χ2, df, (p-value)	Presence Of Cryptosporidium		χ2, df, (p-value)
	No.	%	No.	(%)		No.	%
Age groups years	384		65		0.3882 (0.824)	37		1.7592 (0.415)
1–6	33	8.6	6	18.3		2	6.1
7–12	161	41.9	25	15.5		13	8.1
13–18	190	49.5	34	17.9		22	11.6
Sex					0.0381 (0.845)			0.6561 (0.418)
Male	211	54.9	35	16.6		18	8.5
Female	173	45.1	30	17.3		19	11.0
Mother’s occupation					10.9552 (0.141)			0.3732 (0.830)
Government employee	76	19.8	12	15.8		7	9.2
NGO	53	13.8	11	20.8		4	7.5
Others	213	66.4	42	16.5		26	10.2
Mother’s education					1.0572 (0.590)			1.0422 (0.594)
Illiterate’s	16	4.2	2	12.5		2	12.5
Primary school (1–6) grade	257	66.9	41	16		22	8.6
2nd school (7–12) grade	111	28.9	22	19.8		13	11.7
Residence					0.2791 (0.598)			0.0211 (0.885)
Urban	335	87.2	58	17.3		5	10.2
Rural	49	12.8	7	14.3		32	9.6

Abbreviations: χ2, chi-square testing; df, degree of freedom; NGO, non-governmental organization.

Figure 1 Distribution of intestinal parasites among HIV positive children in Southern Ethiopia, February 2016 to June 2017.

Table 2 Assessment Of Risk Factors For Cryptosporidiosis And Other Intestinal Parasites Among HIV Positive Children In Southern Ethiopia

Variables	Frequency		Presence Of Any Parasite		χ2, df, (p-value)	Presence Of Cryptosporidium		χ2, df, (p-value)
	No.	%	No.	(%)		No.	%
Drinking water source					2.9862 (0.225)			0.7122 (0.701)
Pipe	352	91.7	33	9.4		33	9.4
Hand pump	20	5.2	2	10		2	16.7
Spring	12	3.1	2	16.7		2	10.0
Animal contact					2.9941 (0.084)			0.2121 (0.645)
Yes	92	24	21	22.8		10	10.9
No	292	76	44	15.1		27	9.2
Diarrhea status					7.6532 (0.022)			0.5612 (0.755)
Absence	314	81.8	49	15.6		30	9.6
Acute	41	10.7	13	31.7		5	12.2
Chronic	29	7.6	3	10.3		2	6.9
CD4 level cells/µL					1.5892 (0.452)			2.0202 (0.364)
<200	31	8.1	7	22.6		5	16.1
200–499	104	27.1	20	19.2		11	10.6
>500	249	64.8	38	15.3		21	8.4

Table 3 Relation Of CD4 Count With Diarrheal Status For Cryptosporidiosis And Other Intestinal Parasites

CD4 Count Cells/µL	Patient Data			Any Parasite		χ^2, df, (p-value)	Cryptosporidium		χ^2, (p-value)
	Diarrheal Status	No.	%	No.	%		No.	%
<200	None	21	67.7	6	28.6		4	19
	Acute	9	29	1	11.1		1	11.1
	Chronic	1	3.2	0	0		0	0
	Total	31	8.1	7	22.6	1.3361 (0.248)	5	16.1	0.4101 (0.522)
200–499	None	85	81.7	13	15.3		8	9.4
	Acute	12	11.5	6	50		2	16.7
	Chronic	7	6.5	1	14.3		1	14.3
	Total	104	27.1	20	19.2	4.6421 (0.031)	11	10.6	0.6681 (0.414)
>500	None	208	83.5	30	14.4		18	8.7
	Acute	20	8	6	30		2	10
	Chronic	21	8.4	2	9.5		1	4.8
	Total	249	64.8	38	15.3	0.6861 (0.408)	21	8.4	0.0791 (0.778)

Availability Of Data And Material

All the raw data supporting the findings can be obtained from all authors.