Prevalence Of Undernutrition And Associated Factors Among Adults Receiving First-Line Antiretroviral Treatment In Public Health Facilities Of Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia

Figures & data

Table 1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of People Living with HIV who were Enrolled in  First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at a Public Health Facility of Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia, 2018

Variables	Categories	Frequency	Percent
Name of health facilities	Hospital	252	75.68
	Health center	81	24.32
Age (years)	18–24	46	13.81
	25–34	154	46.25
	35–44	90	27.03
	45+	43	12.91
Sex	Male	145	43.54
	Female	188	56.46
Marital status	Never married	100	30.03
	Married	179	53.75
	Divorced	35	10.51
	Widowed	19	5.71
Educational status	No education	36	10.81
	Primary	118	35.44
	Secondary	141	42.34
	Tertiary	38	11.41
Religion	Orthodox	206	61.86
	Muslim	10	3.00
	Protestant	92	27.63
	Catholic	23	6.91
	Others*	2	0.60
Residence	Urban	262	78.68
	Rural	71	21.32
Ethnicity	Gamo	132	39.64
	Gofa	61	18.32
	Wolayita	59	17.72
	Amhara	47	14.11
	Oromo	23	6.91
	Others**	11	3.30
Occupational status	Housewife	79	23.72
	Private employee	45	13.51
	Merchant	86	25.83
	Government employee	59	17.72
	Student	37	11.11
	Farmer	27	8.11
Current substance use	Yes	148	44.44
	No	185	55.56
Disclosure status	Disclosed	134	40.24
	Not disclosed	199	59.76

Notes: *Adventist, Gova; **Konso, Gurage, Slite, Tigre.

Table 2 Clinical Characteristics of People Living with HIV who were Enrolled in First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at the Public Health Facility of Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia, 2018

Variables	Categories	Frequency	Percent
Duration on ART	<12 months	213	63.96
	≥12 months	120	36.04
Last CD4 count	<350 cells/mm^3	155	46.55
	≥350 cells/mm^3	178	53.45
Current WHO clinical stage	Stage I	125	37.54
	Stage II	67	20.12
	Stage III	117	35.14
	Stage IV	24	7.21
Current functional status	Working	273	81.98
	Ambulatory	40	12.01
	Bedridden	20	6.01
Active tuberculosis	Yes	96	28.83
	No	237	71.17
Cotrimoxazole preventive therapy	Yes	200	60.06
	No	133	39.94
Isoniazid preventive therapy	Yes	225	67.57
	No	108	32.43
ART adherence in the past month	<95%	90	27.03
	≥95%	243	72.97
Initial regimen changed	Yes	26	7.81
	No	307	92.19

Table 3 Factors Associated with Undernutrition Among People Living with HIV who were Enrolled in First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at the Public Health Facility of Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia, 2018

Variable	Nutritional Status		COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)	P-value
	Undernutrition	Normal
Sex
Female	47 (25%)	141 (75%)	1	1	1
Male	32 (22.07%)	113 (77.93%)	1.18 (0.71, 1.97)	1.42 (0.83, 2.42)	0.203
History of substance use
Yes	30 (20.27%)	118 (79.73%)	1.42 (0.85, 2.38)	1.84 (1.09, 3.08)	0.022**
No	49 (26.49%)	136 (73.51%)	1	1
Disclosure status
Disclosed	26 (19.40%)	108 (80.59%)	1	1
Not disclosed	53 (26.63%)	146 (73.37%)	0.66 (0.39, 1.13)	1.37 (0.81, 2.31)	0.25
Duration on ART
<12 months	56 (26.29%)	157 (73.71%)	0.69 (0.40, 1.21)	1.87 (1.06, 3.30)	0.032**
≥12 months	23 (19.17%)	97 (80.83%)	1	1
WHO clinical stage
Stage I or II	71 (36.98%)	121 (63.02%)	1	1
Stage III or IV	8 (5.67%)	133 (94.33%)	9.76 (4.51, 21.09)	5.10 (2.90, 7.70)	0.0001**
Cotrimoxazole preventive therapy
Yes	38 (19.00%)	162 (81.00%)	1	1
No	41 (30.83%)	92 (69.17%)	0.53 (0.32, 0.88)	2.09 (1.15, 3.82)	0.016**
Isoniazid preventive therapy
Yes	55 (24.44%)	170 (75.56%)	1	1
No	24 (22.22%)	84 (77.78%)	1.13 (0.66, 1.96)	1.06 (0.56, 1.99)	0.854
Last CD4 count
<350cells/mm^3	32 (17.98)	146 (82.02%)	1.99 (1.19, 3.32)	1.83 (1.09, 305)	0.021**
≥350 cells/mm^3	47 (30.32%)	108 (69.68)	1	1
TB incident
Yes	18 (18.75%)	78 (81.25%)	1.53 (0.83, 2.71)	1.89 (1.02, 3.53)	0.045**
No	61 (25.74%)	176 (74.26%)	1	1

Note: **P-value ≤0.05 statistically significant. 1 = Reference category.

Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval.