Factors Affecting Survival Rates Among Adult TB/HIV Co-Infected Patients in Mizan Tepi University Teaching Hospital, South West Ethiopia

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Study Subjects in MTUTH, South West Ethiopia, 2007–2017

Variables	Category of Variables	N (%)	Status
			Censor	Death
			N (%)	N (%)
Age	15–24	91 (25)	69 (75.8)	22 (24.2)
	25–34	160 (44)	120 (75)	40 (25)
	35–44	81 (22.2)	65 (80.2)	16 (19.8)
	≥45	32 (8.8)	27 (84.4)	5 (15.6)
Sex	Male	153 (42)	134 (87.6)	19 (12.4)
	Female	211 (58)	147 (69.7)	64 (30.3)
Educational status	No education	70 (19.2)	56 (80)	14 (20)
	Primary (grade 1–8)	80 (22)	55 (68.8)	25 (31.2)
	Secondary (grade 9–12)	133 (36.5)	98 (73.7)	35 (26.3)
	Tertiary (college/university)	81 (22.3)	72 (88.9)	9 (11.1)
Marital status	Never married	140 (38.4)	96 (68.6)	44 (31.4)
	Married	150 (41.2)	135 (90)	15 (10)
	Divorced	37 (10.2)	26 (70.3)	11 (29.7)
	Widowed	37 (10.2)	24 (64.9)	13 (35.1)
Occupation	Gov’t employed	48 (13.2)	42 (87.5)	6 (12.5)
	Private organization employed	31 (8.5)	28 (90.3)	3 (9.7)
	Jobless	44 (12.1)	37 (84.1)	7 (15.9)
	Student	46 (12.6)	41 (89.1)	5 (10.9)
	Farmer	35 (9.6)	30 (85.7)	5 (14.3)
	Commercial sex worker	42 (11.5)	16 (38.1)	26 (61.9)
	Merchant	83 (22.8)	57 (68.7)	26 (31.3)
	Housewife	35 (9.6)	30 (85.7)	5 (14.3)
Place of residence	Within the catchment area	261 (71.7)	200 (76.6)	61 (23.4)
	Out of the catchment area	103 (28.3)	81 (78.6)	22 (21.4)
Having HIV-positive family member (n=362)^a	No	100 (27.6)	78 (78)	22 (22)
	Yes	262 (72.4)	201 (76.7)	61 (23.3)

Note: ^aTwo participants had no records on either they had HIV positive family members or not.

Table 2 Clinical Characteristics of Study Participants in MTUTH, South West Ethiopia, 2007–2017

Variables	Category of Variables	N (%)	Status
			Censor	Death
			N (%)	N (%)
CD4 count	<200	124 (34.1)	51 (41.1)	73 (58.9)
	≥200	240 (65.9)	230 (95.8)	10 (4.2)
ART regimen	First line	343 (94.2)	267 (77.8)	76 (22.2)
	Second line	21 (5.8)	14 (66.7)	7 (33.3)
Use of CPT	Yes	283 (77.7)	238 (84.1)	45 (15.9)
	No	81 (22.3)	43 (53.1)	38 (46.9)
OIs other than TB	No at all	105 (28.8)	93 (88.6)	12 (11.4)
	One or two	232 (63.7)	175 (75.4)	57 (24.6)
	At least three	27 (7.4)	13 (48.1)	14 (51.9)
ART failure history	Yes	21 (5.8)	14 (66.7)	7 (33.3)
	No	343 (94.2)	267 (77.8)	76 (22.2)
Functional status	Working	139 (38.2)	126 (90.6)	13 (9.4)
	Ambulatory	149 (40.9)	137 (91.9)	12 (8.1)
	Bedridden	76 (20.9)	18 (23.7)	58 (76.3)
WHO clinical stages	One	60 (16.5)	51 (85)	9 (15)
	Two	51 (14)	46 (90.2)	5 (9.8)
	Three	220 (60.4)	167 (75.9)	53 (24.1)
	Four	33 (9.1)	17 (51.5)	16 (48.5)

Abbreviations: ART, anti retroviral therapy; CPT, cotrimoxazole preventive therapy; CD4, Cluster of differentiation four; TB, tuberculosis; OIs, opportunistic infections; BMI, body mass index; WHO, World Health Organization.

Table 3 Overall Life Table of TB/HIV Co-Infected Patients in MTUTH, South West Ethiopia, 2007–2017

Time in Months	Number at Risk	Number of Events	Proportion of Events	Proportion Surviving	Cumulative Proportion Surviving^a
0	354.5	38	0.11	0.89	0.89
2	295	24	0.08	0.92	0.82
4	177	11	0.06	0.94	0.77
6	52.5	3	0.06	0.94	0.73
8	16.5	5	0.3	0.70	0.51
10	9.5	1	0.11	0.89	0.45
12	8	0	0	1	0.45
14	8	0	0	1	0.45
16	6	1	0.17	0.83	0.38
18	2	0	0	1	0.38
20	0.5	0	0	1	0.38

Note: ^aThe proportion of case surviving from the start of the table to the end of the interval.

Table 4 Multivariable Cox-Regression Analysis of Factors Associated with Survival Rate of TB/HIV Co-Infected Patients in MTUTH, South West Ethiopia, 2007–2017

Variables	Category of Variables	CHR	P-value	AHR	95% CI		P-value
Sex	Male	1		1
	Female	2.74	0.000**	1.27	0.63	2.55	0.508
Educational status	No education	1		1
	Primary	1.44	0.277	1.44	0.63	3.25	0.386
	Secondary	1.19	0.573	1.05	0.45	2.45	0.913
	Tertiary	0.48	0.088**	1.32	0.37	4.71	0.669
Marital status	Never married	0.81	0.515	0.85	0.45	1.61	0.623
	Married	0.244	0.000**	0.87	0.40	1.91	0.732
	Divorced	0.90	0.791	2.16	0.93	5.04	0.073
	Widowed	1		1
Occupation	Gov’t employed	1		1
	Private organization employed	0.60	0.473	0.52	0.12	2.27	0.387
	Jobless	1.09	0.877	0.34	0.10	1.36	0.137
	Student	0.84	0.780	0.43	0.12	1.51	0.188
	Farmer	1.19	0.772	0.68	0.19	2.40	0.551
	Commercial sex worker	7.20	0.000**	1.10	0.39	3.09	0.861
	Merchant	2.64	0.032**	1.08	0.38	3.08	0.884
	Housewife	0.95	0.927	0.92	0.25	3.38	0.906
CPT use	Yes	1		1
	No	4.21	0.000**	1.72	1.08	2.74	0.023*
ART failure history	Yes	1.06	0.887	1.03	0.85	5.24	0.761
	No	1		1
WHO clinical stages	One	1		1
	Two	0.62	0.390	1.05	0.31	3.59	0.935
	Three	1.50	0.259	1.23	0.59	2.69	0.555
	Four	3.85	0.001**	2.02	0.75	5.43	0.162
Functional status	Working	1		1
	Ambulatory	0.91	0.823	0.93	0.41	2.11	0.861
	Bedridden	10.75	0.000**	2.55	1.29	5.06	0.007*
TB registration group	New	1		1
	Previously treated	1.98	0.003**	0.88	0.52	1.49	0.634
Disclosure of status	Yes	1		1
	No	13.97	0.000**	4.03	2.21	7.35	0.000*
BMI	<18.5	5.02	0.002**	0.84	0.24	2.94	0.787
	18.5–24.9	0.53	0.239**	0.52	0.16	1.66	0.267
	25–29.9	0.75	0.650	0.72	0.19	2.73	0.632
	>29.9	1		1
Number of OIs other than TB	No at all	1		1
	One or two	2.13	0.017**	1.37	0.62	3.02	0.439
	At least three	4.96	0.000**	1.06	0.40	2.83	0.902
CD4 count in cells/mm^3	<200	19.41	0.000**	6.05	2.83	12.95	0.000*
	≥200	1		1

Notes: **Statistically significant at p≤0.25, *statistically significant at p<0.05

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CHR, crude hazard ratio; AHR, adjusted hazard ratio; CPT, cotrimoxazole preventive therapy; CD4, Cluster of differentiation four; TB, tuberculosis; OIs, opportunistic infections; BMI, body mass index; WHO, World Health Organization.