Human Immune Deficiency Virus Serostatus and Associated Factors Among Children of Adult Index Cases in Northern Ethiopia

Figures & data

Figure 1 Schematic representation of the sampling technique and procedure in central zone, Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia, 2019.

Table 1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Index Cases in Central Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia (N = 449)

Characteristics		Frequency	Percent
Sex	Male	139	31.0
	Female	310	69.0
Residence	Urban	361	80.4
	Rural	88	19.6
Marital status of participants	Married	300	66.8
	Divorced	67	14.9
	Separated	49	10.9
	Widowed	31	6.9
Educational status	Illiterate	48	10.7
	Read and write	89	19.8
	Elementary education	173	38.5
	High School Education	113	25.2
	Diploma and above	26	5.8
Religion	Orthodox	430	95.8
	Muslim	19	4.2
Occupation	Jobless	63	14.0
	Merchant	64	14.3
	Government employed	69	15.4
	Private employed	253	56.3
Age index case	18–29	48	10.7
	30–39	266	59.2
	40–49	117	26.1
	>49	18	4.0
Sex of children	Male	209	46.5
	Female	240	53.5

Table 2 Results Related to HIV Testing and Disclosure to Families of Index Cases in Central Zone, Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia (N = 449)

Characteristics		Frequency	Percent
Information about HTC service provision to children	Friends Mass media	42	9.4
	Health workers	407	90.6
Initiated your children for HIV testing & counseling	Yes	427	95
	No	22	4.9
Reason to start HIV testing to your children	Prevent transmission	283	63.0
	Told by HW	147	32.7
	To know the status	14	3.1
Frequency your children get testing for HIV	Every three month	166	37.0
	Every six month	50	11.1
	Every year	231	51.4
Disclose HIV status to adult household members	Yes	232	51.7
	No	217	48.3
Discussion about HIV with the adult family member	Yes	84	18.79
	No	365	81.3

Abbreviations: HW, health worker; HTC, HIV testing and counseling.

Figure 2 HIV status in children by sex from family index case testing at general Hospitals, central zone, Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia,2019.

Table 3 Bivariate and Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis for Determinants of Serostatus of HIV Among Children of Index Cases, Central Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia (N = 449)

Variables	HIV Status of Children		COR[95% CI]	AOR[95% CI]	P-V
	Yes	No
Sex
Male	36[8%]	274[61%]	1	1
Female	4[0.9%]	135[30.1%]	0.226[0.079-0.447]	0.18[0.057-0.552]	0.003
CWHO
I	28[6%]	222[50%]	1	1	0.901
II	10[2%]	184[41%]	2.293[1.085–4.846]	1.448[0.559–3.775]	0.446
III	4[0.9%]	5[1%]	0.127[0.017-0.935]	0.397[0.08–1.89]	0.99
Occupation
Jobless	13	49	1	1	0.298
Merchant	10	59	5.810[1.579–21.368]	1.02[0.146–7.121]	0.987
Government employed	13	240	1.686[0.688–4.128]	0.397[0.084–1.891]	0.246
Private employed	3	61	5.275[2.335–11.917]	1.251[0.375–4.176]	0.715
Monthly income
<500	17	63	1	1	0.19
500–1000	7	86	4.947[2.097–11.673]	2.864[0.681–7.585	0.064
1000–1500	7	93	3.662[1.436–9.338]	2.029[0.614–6.706]	0.246
>1500	9	163	3.315[1.297–8.472]	1.304[0.440–3.863]	0.632
Family member	40	409	0.704[0.517-0.959]	0.777[0.395–1.526]	0.464
Age of children	40	409	0.872[0.785-0.969]	0.86[0.755-0.971]	0.016
Importance of HIV test
Important	29	155	1	1
Not important	11	247	4.320[2.028–8.895]	5.20[2.26–11.96]	0.000
Initiation HIV testing
Prevent transmission	21	262	1	1
Told by a health worker	13	134	4.640[2.200–9.786]	1
To know status of child	6	8	0.107[0.034-0.337]	0.183[0.050-0.666]	0.110
Discussion on test
Yes	18	66	1	1
No	22	343	4.252[2.162–8.362]	3.22[1.514–6.843]	0.002

Abbreviation: CWHOs, clinical WHO stage.