Does Women’s Autonomy Matter on Attitude Towards Condom Use in Reducing Risk for HIV Infection Among Married Women in Ethiopia?

Figures & data

Table 1 Descriptive Statistics of the Sampled Women with the Study Variables in Ethiopia (N= 6787)

Variables	Category	Overall
		n (wt.%)
Age of respondents (years)	15–19	454(5.8)
	20–29	2892(42.4)
	30–39	2330(35.4)
	40–49	1111(16.4)
Residence	Urban	2196(20.1)
	Rural	4591(79.9)
Religion	Orthodox	2803(42.0)
	Catholic	47(0.9)
	Protestant	1379(24.2)
	Muslim	2487(31.3)
	Other	71(1.5)
Occupation	Unemployed	3427(50.6)
	Agricultural	1282(21.3)
	Non-Agricultural	2078(28.1)
Education level	No education	3219(53.0)
	Primary	2213(33.0)
	Secondary	826(8.4)
	Higher	529(5.7)
Wealth Index	Poorest	1411(15.2)
	Poorer	996(18.9)
	Middle	952(19.8)
	Richer	965(20.0)
	Richest	2463(26.1)
Access to media	No	3403(55.4)
	Yes	3384(44.6)
Ever been tested for HIV	No	2450(43.8)
	Yes	4337(56.2)
Decision on health care	Respondent alone	1287(15.5)
	Joint decision	4384(67.0)
	Respondent not involved	1116(17.5)
Condom during sex reduces their chance of getting AIDS	No	1973(25.6)
	Yes	4814(74.4)

Abbreviation: Wt.%, weighted percentage.

Table 2 Bivariate Analysis on Associations Between Outcome Variable, Attitudes Toward Condom Use, and Sociodemographic and Autonomy Indicators (n=6787)

Variables	Category	Attitude to Condom Use		p-value
		No	Yes
		n (wt.%)	n (wt.%)
Age of respondents (Years)	15–19	159(7.0)	295(5.3)	0.23
	20–29	844(41.4)	2048(42.7)
	30–39	638(34.2)	1692(35.8)
	40–49	332(17.3)	779(16.1)
Residence	Urban	415(12.0)	1781(22.9)	<0.001
	Rural	1558(88.0)	3033(77.1)
Religion	Orthodox	542(31.7)	2261(45.5)	<0.001
	Catholic	20(1.3)	27(0.8)
	Protestant	465(30.9)	914(22.5)
	Muslim	923(35.7)	1564(29.9)
	Other	23(2.0)	48(1.4)
Occupation	Unemployed	1101(53.6)	2326(49.6)	<0.001
	Agricultural	408(20.0)	874(21.8)
	Non-Agricultural	464(26.4)	1614(28.7)
Education level	No education	1151(58.9)	2068(50.9)	<0.001
	Primary	573(32.5)	1640(33.1)
	Secondary	172(6.2)	654(9.2)
	Higher	77(2.5)	452(6.8)
Wealth Index	Poorest	634(19.3)	777(13.8)	<0.001
	Poorer	313(20.7)	683(18.3)
	Middle	292(22.4)	660(18.9)
	Richer	268(20.1)	697(20.0)
	Richest	466(17.5)	1997(29.0)
Access to media	No	1228(63.2)	2175(52.7)	<0.001
	Yes	745(36.8)	2639(47.3)
Ever been tested for HIV	No	987(54.3)	1463(40.2)	<0.001
	Yes	986(45.7)	3351(59.8)
A decision on health care	Respondent alone	359(14.8)	928(15.7)	<0.001
	Joint decision	1200(61.0)	3184(69.0)
	Respondent not involved	414(24.2)	702(15.2)

Table 3 Multivariate Analysis Table for Identifying Predictors of Attitudes Towards Condom Use Among Married Women in Ethiopia

Variables	Category	COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)
Age of respondents	15–19	1	1
	20–29	1.36(0.93–1.97)	1.27(0.84–1.94)
	30–39	1.37(0.96–1.96)	1.43(0.94–2.17)
	40–49	1.23(0.83–1.82)	1.28(0.81–2.02)
Residence	Urban	2.18(1.63–2.93)*	1.45(0.95–2.22)
	Rural	1	1
Religion	Orthodox	1	1
	Catholic	0.42(0.15–1.19)	0.44(0.19–1.02)
	Protestant	0.54(0.42–0.67)*	0.58(0.46–0.74)*
	Muslim	0.58(0.45–0.75)*	0.69(0.54–0.88)*
	Other	0.49(0.31–0.76)*	0.70(0.45–1.10)
Occupation	Unemployed	1	1
	Agricultural	1.17(0.95–1.45)	1.08(0.87–1.35)
	Non Agricultural	1.17(0.94–1.47)	0.82(0.64–1.04)
Education level	No education	1	1
	Primary	1.17(0.97–1.42)	1.17(0.94–1.46)
	Secondary	1.73(1.23–2.42)*	1.25(0.87–1.77)
	Higher	3.17(2.04–4.93)*	1.97(1.17–3.33)*
Wealth Index	Poorest	1	1
	Poorer	1.24(0.94–1.64)	1.22(0.92–1.63)
	Middle	1.18(0.90–1.55)	1.14(0.85–1.52)
	Richer	1.40(1.05–1.86)*	1.27(0.93–1.75)
	Richest	2.33(1.74–3.12)*	1.45(1.01–2.07)*
Access to media	No	1
	Yes	1.54(1.28–1.84)*	1.09(0.89–1.32)
Ever been tested to HIV	No	1	1
	Yes	1.76(1.47–2.12)*	1.31(1.09–1.57)*
A decision on health care	Respondent alone	1.69(1.28–2.22)*	1.39(1.04–1.85)*
	Joint decision	1.80(1.42–2.27)*	1.59(1.25–2.02)*
	Respondent not involved	1	1

Note: *Showed significant association with AOR with a 95% confidence interval at a p-value of < 0.05