The Magnitude and Associated Factors of Consistent Condom Utilization Among ART Users in Hawassa City, Sidama, Ethiopia

Figures & data

Table 1 Sample Size for Second Specific Objectives, 2019

No	Variables	Level of Confidence	Power	% Unexposed	Ratio	% Exposed	OR	Non Response	Total Sample
1	Age(≥32)	95%	80%	45	1:1	62.1	2	10%	319
2	Educational status	95%	80%	59	1:1	84.6	3.81	10%	327
3	Use of substance(yes)	95%	80%	33%	1:1	49.6	2	10%	121

Table 2 Distribution of Socio Demographic and Economic Characteristics of PLWHA Who are on ART in Health Facilities Found in Hawassa City Administration, 2019 (n=358)

Variables		Response	Frequency	%
Facility		Hospital	248	69.3
		Health Center	110	30.7
Sex		Male	150	41.9
		Female	208	58.1
Age		18–24	27	7.5
		25–34	188	52.2
		35–44	120	33.5
		≥45	23	6.4
Educational status		No education	56	15.6
		Primary	132	36.9
		Secondary	114	31.8
		Above secondary	56	15.6
Religion		Orthodox	200	55.9
		Muslim	27	7.5
		Protestant	112	31.3
		Catholic	19	5.3
Residence		Urban	249	69.6
		Rural	109	30.4
Occupation		Gover. employee	82	22.9
		Private employee	66	18.4
		Housewife	83	23.2
		Daily laborer	34	9.5
		Merchant	81	22.6
		Others	12	3.4
Marital status		Never married	48	13.4
		Married	265	74
		Cohabiting	11	3.1
		Divorced	16	4.5
		Widowed	18	5
Household		≤600	56	15.6
Income		601–1000	137	38.3
		>1000	165	46.1

Table 3 Distribution of HIV/AIDS and ART-Related Characteristics of PLWHA Who are on ART in Hawassa City Administration, 2019 (n=358)

Variables	Response	Frequency	%
Duration since tested positive	<12m	26	7.3
	12–24m	84	23.5
	≥25	248	69.3
Duration on ART	<12m	56	15.6
	12–24m	107	29.9
	≥25	195	54.5
Perception that ART reduce HIV transmission	Yes	165	46.1
	No	193	53.9
CD4 count of respondents	≤500	194	54.2
	>500	164	45.8
Condom utilization before knowing HIV status	Yes	96	26.8
	No	262	73.2
Frequent use of condom before status(n=96)	Always	2	2.08
	Most of the time	52	54.16
	Occasionally	37	38.54
	Rarely	3	3.125
	Very rarely	2	2.08
Condom utilization before being put on ART	Yes	181	50.6
	No	177	49.4
Frequent use of condom before ART(181)	Always	82	45.3
	Most of the time	58	32.04
	Occasionally	36	19.88
	Rarely	4	2.21
	Very rarely	1	0.5

Figure 1 Prevalence of consistent condom utilization among PLWHA on ART at Hawassa City Administration, 2019.

Table 4 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Sexual and Behavioral Characteristics and Condom Use of PLWHA Who are on ART in Hawassa City Administration, 2019 (n=358)

Variables	Responses	Freq	%
Number of sexual partners respondents had sex with In the past 3 months	One	331	92.5
	Two	27	7.5
Relation to respondents of partners they had sex with	Regular spouse	269	75.1
	Regular b/g friend	47	13.1
	Casual contact	32	11.7
Initiator of the idea of condom use during sex	Respondent	202	56.4
	Partner	107	29.9
	Mutual decision	49	13.7
Discussion with partners about condom and safe sex	Yes	216	60.3
	No	142	39.7
Knowledge of partner serostatus	Negative	46	12.8
	Positive	228	63.7
	Do not know	84	23.5
Disclosure of self serostatus to partner	Yes	276	77.1
	No	82	22.9
Alcohol consumption during last sex	Yes	44	12.3
	No	314	87.7
Consumer of alcohol during last sex (n=44)	Partner	20	45
	Both	24	54
Member in PLWHA association	Yes	56	15.6
	No	302	84.4

Figure 2 Distribution of factors related with perception on benefits of condom by PLWHA who are on ART in Hawassa city administration, 2019 (n=358).

Figure 3 Reasons for consistent condom utilization by PLWHA who are on ART in Hawassa city administration, 2019.

Figure 4 Reasons for non-consistent condom utilization by PLWHA who are on ART in Hawassa city administration, 2019 (n=358).

Figure 5 Distribution of ever given birth and future desire of children by PLWHA who are on ART in health institutions found in Hawassa city administration, 2015/66 (n=358).

Figure 6 Distribution of counseling-related factors of PLWHA who are on ART in health institutions found in Hawassa city administration, 2019 (n=172).

Table 5 Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis of Different Important Variables with Consistent Condom Utilization by PLWHA Who are on ART in Health Facilities Found in Hawassa City Administration, 2019. (n=358)

Variables	Response	Cons Con Utilization		COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)
		Yes	No
Sex	Male	55 (36.7%)	95 (63.3%)	1	1
	Female	129 (62.0%)	79 (38.0%)	2.82 (1.83, 4.36)	4.21 (2.39, 7.41)**
Residence	Urban	159 (63.9%)	90 (36.1)	5.94 (3.54–9.94)	3.55 (1.80,6.99)**
	Rural	25 (22.9%)	84 (77.1)	1	1
Educational status	No education	33 (58.9%)	23 (41.1%)	1	1
	Primary	71 (53.8%)	61 (46.2%)	0.81 (0.431-1.5 28)	0.89 (0.39,2.09)
	Secondary	47 (41.2%)	67 (58.8%)	0.49 (0.26–0.94)	0.40 (0.17,0.95)*
	Above sec.	33 (58.9%)	23 (41.1%)	1.00 (0.47–2.12)	1.43 (0.53,3.83)
Perception that ART reduce HIV	Yes	64 (38.8%)	101 (61.2%)	1	1
	No	120 (62.2%)	73 (37.8%)	2.59 (1.69,3.98)	1.96 (1.12,3.43)*
Transmission
Rate of counseling	Good	39 (50.6%)	38 (49.4%)	0.28 (0.17,0.48)	0.37 (0.17,0.84)*
On condom	Very good	68 (71.6%)	27 (28.4%)	1	1
Consistent	No	92 (37.2%)	155 (62.8%)	1	1
Condom utilization to prevent unwanted pregnancy	Yes	92 (82.9%0	19 (17.1)	8.16 (4.67–14.24)	4.53 (2.11,9.73)**

Notes: **Very highly significant, *Significant.