Determinants of the Community Knowledge and Attitude Towards HIV Prevention Methods in Majang Zone, Southwest Ethiopia

Figures & data

Table 1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of the Respondents at Majang Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, 2019

Variables	Category	Frequency	Percent
Age	< 27 years	451	58.4
	≥ 27 years	321	41.6
Sex	Male	523	67.7
	Female	249	32.3
Marital status	Single	319	41.3
	Married	373	48.3
	Divorced/widowed	80	10.4
Religion	Protestant	423	54.8
	Orthodox Tewahido	238	30.8
	Muslim	111	14.4
Ethnicity	Majang	460	59.6
	Amhara	219	28.4
	Shekicho	55	7.1
	Others^a	38	4.9
Educational status	No formal education	80	10.4
	Primary	318	41.2
	Secondary	252	32.6
	Tertiary and above	122	15.8
Occupational status	Government employee	123	15.9
	Student	281	36.4
	Merchant	149	19.3
	Farmer	219	28.4
Residence	Urban	189	24.5
	Rural	583	75.5

Note: ^aOromo, Tigray and Kafa.

Table 2 Behavioral and Related Characteristics of the Study Participants in Majang Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, 2019

Variables	Category	Frequency	Percent
Alcohol drinking	Yes	215	27.8
	No	557	72.2
Alcohol consumption before sexual intercourse	Yes	125	58.1
	No	90	41.9
Frequency of drinking alcohol	Monthly or less	77	35.8
	2–4 times a month	47	21.9
	2–3 times in a week	71	33
	4 or more times a week	20	9.3
Amount of drinking in a day (in a bottle)	1–2	89	41.4
	3–6	75	34.9
	7or more	51	23.7
Frequency of drinking six or more drinks on one occasion	Never	99	46
	Less than a month	40	18.6
	Monthly	18	8.4
	Weekly	43	20
	Daily or almost daily	15	7
Chat chewing	Yes	176	22.8
	No	596	77.2
Frequency of chat chewing	Every day	36	20.5
	Every other day	26	14.7
	Twice a week	28	15.9
	Occasionally	86	48.9

Table 3 Knowledge of Participants Regarding HIV Prevention Methods in Majang Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, 2019

Variables (Question) (n=772)	Category (Response)	Frequency	Percent
Ever heard about HIV	Yes	766	99.2
	No	6	0.8
Think that HIV is preventable	Yes	757	98.1
	No	11	1.4
	Do not know	4	0.5
Washing genitals after sexual intercourse keeps a person from getting HIV	Yes	154	19.9
	No	450	58.3
	Do not know	148	21.8
There is an effective vaccine for HIV for adults	Yes	39	5
	No	503	65.2
	Do not know	230	29.8
People are likely to get HIV by deep kissing	Yes	131	17
	No	395	51.2
	Do not know	246	31.9
Healthy looks might be infected with HIV/AIDS	Yes	297	38.5
	No	224	29
	Do not know	251	32.5
HIV can be transmitted through sharing meals with an infected person	Yes	20	2.6
	No	680	88.1
	Do not know	72	9.3
HIV can be transmitted through an infected mother to her fetus	Yes	463	60
	No	121	15.7
	Do not know	188	24.4
HIV can be transmitted through breastfeeding	Yes	520	67.4
	No	74	9.6
	Do not know	178	23.1
HIV can be transmitted through a mosquito bite	Yes	113	14.6
	No	545	70.6
	Do not know	114	14.8
Overall knowledge	Good	306	39.6
	Poor	466	60.4

Table 4 Prevention Methods Mentioned by the Study Participants, Majang Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, 2019

Prevention Method (n=757^b)	Response	Frequency	Percent
Abstinence	Yes	438	57.9
	No	319	42.1
Being faithful	Yes	357	47.2
	No	400	52.8
Consistent condom use	Yes	463	61.2
	No	294	38.8
Not sharing contaminated sharp materials	Yes	480	63.4
	No	277	36.6
Counseling	Yes	199	26.3
	No	558	73.7
Arranging health education on HIV	Yes	193	25.5
	No	564	74.5
Treatment of STI	Yes	123	16.2
	No	634	83.8
Male circumcision	Yes	144	19
	No	613	81
Preventing mother to child transmission	Yes	211	27.9
	No	546	72.1
ART for exposed	Yes	152	20.1
	No	605	79.9
ART for infected	Yes	134	17.7
	No	623	82.3

Note: ^bAmong those who responded as HIV is preventable.

Table 5 Source of Information About HIV Prevention Methods as Mentioned by Respondents (n=757)

Source of Information^c	Response	Frequency	Percent
Radio	Yes	273	36.1
	No	484	63.9
Television	Yes	258	34.1
	No	499	65.9
Newspaper	Yes	152	20.1
	No	605	79.9
Friends	Yes	191	25.2
	No	566	74.8
Parents	Yes	137	18.1
	No	620	81.9
NGOs	Yes	130	17.2
	No	627	82.8
Health Professionals (Doctors/Nurses)	Yes	701	92.6
	No	56	7.4
Faith-Based Organization	Yes	302	39.9
	No	455	60.1

Note: ^cAn individual can get information from one or more sources.

Table 6 Bivariable and Multivariable Logistic Regression for Factors Affecting Knowledge of the Community Regarding HIV Prevention Methods in Majang Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, 2019

Variables	Category	Knowledge		COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)	P-value
		Poor	Good
Sex	Male	306	217	1
	Female	160	89	0.78 (0.57, 1.07)	0.8 (0.58, 1.11)	0.185
Age (in years)	<27	291	160	1
	≥27	175	146	1.52 (1.13, 2.03)	1.29 (0.95, 1.76)	0.104
Educational status	No formal education	58	22	1
	Primary	192	126	1.73 (1.01, 2.97)	1.72 (0.99, 2.99)	0.056
	Secondary	149	103	1.82 (1.05, 3.16)	1.84 (1.04, 3.24)	0.036*
	Tertiary and above	67	55	2.16 (1.18, 3.97)	2.01 (1.07, 3.75)	0.03*
Attitude	Negative	247	143	1
	Positive	219	193	1.93 (1.43, 2.59)	1.89 (1.39, 2.57)	<0.001*

Note: *Significant at p-value less than 0.05.

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.

Table 7 Factors Associated with the Attitude Towards HIV Prevention Methods in the Majang Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, 2019

Variables	Categories	Attitude		COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)	P-value
		Negative	Positive
Age group	< 27 years	247	204	1	1
	≥ 27 years	113	208	2.23(1.66–2.99)	2.13(1.55–2.95)	<0.001*
Marital status	Single	158	161	1	1
	Married	160	213	1.31(0.97–1.76)	1.00(0.72–1.39)	0.994
	Divorced/Widowed	42	38	0.89(0.54–1.45)	0.79(0.48–1.31)	0.361
Occupational status	Government employee	54	69	1.29(0.83–2.01)	1.22(0.77–1.93)	0.388
	Student	131	150	1.16(0.81–1.65)	1.14(0.79–1.65)	0.480
	Merchant	65	84	1.30(0.86–1.98)	1.25(0.81–1.93)	0.312
	Farmer	110	109	1	1
Alcohol drinking	Yes	88	127	1	1	0.243
	No	272	285	1.38(1.00–1.89)	0.80(0.56–1.15)	0.234
Chat chewing	Yes	73	103	1	1
	No	287	309	0.76(0.54–1.07)	0.82(0.56–1.21)	0.316
Knowledge of HIV prevention methods	Poor	247	219	1	1
	Good	113	193	1.93(1.43–2.59)	1.83(1.35–2.48)	<0.001*

Note: *Significant at p value less than 0.05.