Determinants of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Public Hospitals of West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia: Case-Control Study

Figures & data

Figure 1 Geographical location of West Shewa zone in Ethiopia. West Shewa is located in the central part of Ethiopia and has a population of more than 2.5 million . It has six hospitals; however, we included the three hospitals shown on the image since they have been serving ART clinics for more than 4 years. The image was developed by corresponding author using QGIS.

Figure 2 Approach used to select cases and controls from three hospitals. The flow chart of our steps to identify cases and controls. Initially we went to Oromia Regional Health Bureau to get the data of infected children, then we got a total number in the zone and stratified by hospitals and assigned cases and controls (source: developed by principal author based on study design of the project).

Table 1 Variables Related to Socioeconomic and Prevention Intervention Summary of Mother–Infant Pair of the Study

Variable		Status of the Child				Total
		Control		Case
		Number	%	Number	%	Number	%
Marital status of mother	Married	69	95.8%	17	70.8	86	89.6
	Divorced	2	2.8%	6	25.0	8	8.3
	Widowed	1	1.4%	1	4.2	2	2
Place of Residence	Urban	48	66.7%	12	50.0	30	31
	Rural	24	33.3%	12	50.0	36	37.5
Pregnancy planned	No	33	45.8%	10	41.7	43	44.7
	Yes	39	54.2%	14	58.3	53	55
Partner involved to HIV care	Yes	62	86.1%	8	33.3	70	73
	No	10	13.9%	16	66.7	26	27
M2M support program	No	3	4.2%	15	62.5	18	18.7
	Yes	69	95.8%	9	37.5	78	81
Place of delivery	Institution	66	91.7%	7	29.2	73	76
	Home	6	8.3%	17	70.8	23	24
Mode of delivery	CS	2	2.8%	0	0.0	2	2
	Vaginal	70	97.2%	24	100.0	94	98
ART before pregnancy	Yes	72	100.0%	13	54.2	85	88.5
	No	0	0.0%	11	45.8	11	11.4
Option B+	No	8	11.1%	17	70.8	25	26
	Yes	64	88.9%	7	29.2	71	74

Note: Questionnaires collected from mothers of children were summarized based on serostatus of the child.

Abbreviations: ANC, antenatal care; M2M, mother-to-mother; ART before pregnancy, whether started ART before conception; CS, cesarean section.

Table 2 Factors Associated with HIV Transmission from Mother to Child by Regressions Analysis (Source: Taken from the Main Document of the Project. Produced by SPSS from Raw Data of Participants by PI)

		Outcome				95% CI for AOR
		Positive (N)	Negative (N)	COR	AOR	Lower	Upper
M2M support	Present	9	69	0.26	0.135	0.111	0.396
	Absent	15	3	1	1
Option B+	No	17	8	24.00	18.00	5.000	68.100
	Yes	7	64	1	1
Place of Delivery	Home	17	6	26.21	6.049	1.549	29.230.
	Institution	7	66	1	1
ARV prophylaxis	No	18	2	105.0	92.00	0.966	121.161
	Yes	6	70	1	1
HIV Partner Care	No	16	10	12.5	7.332	1.142	37.459
	Yes	8	62	1	1

Abbreviations: M2M, mother-to-mother; ARV, antiretroviral; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.