Peri-Procedural Blood Pressure Changes and Their Relationship with MACE in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Cross-Sectional Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline Characteristics of the Sample Size

Baseline Characteristics		Mean ± SD
Age	(in yrs.)	58.44 +10.662
Sex
Male	n(%)	172 (84.31%)
Female	n(%)	32 (15.69%)
Diabetes	n(%)	105 (51.7%)
Hypertension	n(%)	113 (55.4%)
Smoker n(%)
Non-smoker	n(%)	94 (46.08%)
Smoker	n(%)	89 (43.63%)
Ex-smoker	n(%)	21 (10.29%)
Dyslipidemia	n(%)	71 (34.8%)
Family history	n(%)	26 (12.8%)
Elevated cardiac biomarkers	n(%)	68 (34%)
ECG
Normal	n(%)	37 (18.782%)
ST elevation	n(%)	36 (18.274%)
ST depression	n(%)	124 (62.944%)
Indication of procedure:
Elective patients	n(%)	115 (56.372%)
Emergency patients
Unstable angina	n(%)	21 (10.294%)
NSTEMI	n(%)	33 (16.176%)
STEMI	n(%)	36 (17.647%)
LV EF <50%	n(%)	54 (47%)a
Procedure time	(in mins)	49.115 + 28.996
Dissection	n(%)	1 (0.5%)
No reflow	n(%)	2 (1%)
Side branch compromise	n(%)	5 (2.5%)
Number of diseased vessels	n(%)	1.71 + 0.777
Number of stents deployed	n(%)	1.74 + 0.935
Blood pressure (systolic in mmHg)
Pre-procedural		120.25 + 16.332
Intra-procedural		116.49 + 15.574
Post-procedural		123.04 + 17.789
Blood pressure (diastolic in mmHg)
Pre-procedural		74.39 + 9.311
Intra-procedural		74.54 + 9.337
Post-procedural		76.61 + 10.215

Figure 1 The mean of the maximum change reached in systolic blood pressure (in mmHg) according to the occurrence of MACE.

Figure 2 The mean of the maximum change reached in diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) according to the occurrence of MACE.

Table 2 MACE Relation with Systolic Blood Pressure Maximum Difference, Pre-Procedural, Intra-Procedural and Post-Procedural Systolic Blood Pressure

MACE		SBP Pre	SBP Intra	SBP Post	SBP Max Diff
No	Mean	121.07	117.22	123.64	15.82
	N	198	198	198	198
	Standard deviation	15.574	14.900	17.237	11.859
Yes	Mean	93.33	92.33	93.75	27.33
	N	6	6	4	6
	Standard deviation	19.408	19.470	22.867	7.941
P-value		0.001	0.004	0.018	0.006

Table 3 MACE Relation with Diastolic Blood Pressure Maximum Difference, Pre-Procedural, Intra-Procedural, and Post-Procedural Diastolic Blood Pressure

MACE		DBP Pre	DBP Intra	DBP Post	DBP Max Diff
No	Mean	74.72	75.02	76.87	10.08
	N	198	198	198	198
	Standard deviation	9.141	8.909	10.024	7.053
Yes	Mean	63.33	58.67	63.75	15.33
	N	6	6	4	6
	Standard deviation	8.756	10.033	12.920	3.615
P-value		0.007	0.002	0.052	0.016

Table 4 Correlation of the Systolic Blood Pressure Maximum Difference Groups with MACE

			MACE		Total
			No	Yes
SBP max diff group	20 or less	Count	156	1	157
		% within SBP max diff group	99.4%	0.6%	100.0%
		% within MACE	78.8%	16.7%	77.0%
	> 20	Count	42	5	47
		% within SBP max diff group	89.4%	10.6%	100.0%
		% within MACE	21.2%	83.3%	23.0%
Total		Count	198	6	204
		% within SBP max diff group	97.1%	2.9%	100.0%
		% within MACE	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%

Table 5 Correlation of the Diastolic Blood Pressure Maximum Difference Groups with MACE

			MACE		Total
			No	Yes
DBP max diff group	10 or less	Count	138	1	139
		% within DBP max diff group	99.3%	0.7%	100.0%
		% within MACE	69.7%	16.7%	68.1%
	>10	Count	60	5	65
		% within DBP max diff group	92.3%	7.7%	100.0%
		% within MACE	30.3%	83.3%	31.9%
Total		Count	198	6	204
		% within DBP max diff group	97.1%	2.9%	100.0%
		% within MACE	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%

Table 6 Characteristics of MACE Population

MACE	6 Patients
Hypertensive	5 patients
Diabetic	5 patients
LV EF <50%	5 patients
Elevated Cardiac biomarkers	5 patients
Indication of PCI
STEMI	4 patients
N-STEMI	1 patient
Unstable angina	1 patient
Smoker	2 patients
Family history of CAD	1 patient
Systolic BP (in mmHg)
Pre-procedural	93.33
Intra-procedural	92.33
Post-procedural	93.75
Diastolic BP (in mmHg)
Pre-procedural	63.33
Intra-procedural	58.67
Post-procedural	63.75