Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing versus Traditional Pathogen Detection in the Diagnosis of Peripheral Pulmonary Infectious Lesions

Figures & data

Figure 1 Detailing the characteristic of patient samples.

Table 1 Demographic Characteristics of Pulmonary Infection and Non-Pulmonary Infection

Characteristic	Pulmonary Infection	Non-Pulmonary Infection	P-value
Age (years)*	42.00±18.60	42.30±16.50	0.897
Sex^a			0.88
Male	112 (65.50%)	44 (63.77%)
Female	59 (34.50%)	25 (36.23%)
Immune function^a			0.03
Immune function deficiency	126 (73.70%)	41 (59.42%)
Immune function normal	45 (26.30%)	28 (40.58%)
Inflammatory index*
Serum WBC (10^9 mmol/L)	7.40±5.54	11.60±39.90	0.39
Serum N%	67.30±15.90	65.20±17.20	0.38
Serum CRP (mg/dL)	2.91±5.88	2.35±6.33	0.57

Notes: *The values are given as the mean and the standard deviation. ^aThe values are given as the number of cases, with the percentage in parentheses.

Table 2 Detection Rate of Organism of Pulmonary Infection in mNGS Compared with Traditional Detection Method

Pathogen	mNGS^a	Traditional^a
Bacteria	72 (42.11%)	30 (17.54%)
Fungi	66 (38.60%)	14 (8.19%)
Virus	60 (35.09%)	—
Mycoplasma	4 (2.34%)	—
Chlamydia	1 (0.58%)	—

Note: ^aThe values are given as the number of patients, with the percentage in parentheses.

Figure 2 The bar chart shows the comparison of positive results between metagenomic next-generation sequencing and traditional pathogen detection in the pulmonary infection group and non-pulmonary infection group.

Table 3 Comparison of Sensitivity and Specificity Between mNGS and Traditional Detection Method

	Infected^a	Noninfected^a	Sensitivity^b	Specificity^b
mNGS			88.30% (82.29–92.54%)	81.16% (69.57–89.21%)
mNGS-positive	151	13
mNGS-negative	20	56
Traditional			25.73% (19.50–33.08%)	88.41% (77.89–94.51%)
Traditional-positive	44	8
Traditional-negative	127	61

Note: ^aThe values are given as the number of patients. ^bThe values are given as the estimate, with the 95% CI in parentheses.

Table 4 Infection Status of All Patients at a 1-Month Follow-Up According to the Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Result

Infection Status	No. of Patients
	Improve	Non-Change	Death
Traditional-positive infection (n=44)
mNGS-positive	30	0	1
mNGS-negative	12	1	0
Traditional-negative infection (n=127)
mNGS-positive	115	5	0
mNGS-negative	1	5	1

Abbreviation: mNGS, metagenomic next-generation sequencing.