Clinical Effectiveness of Intravenous Peramivir versus Oseltamivir for the Treatment of Influenza in Hospitalized Patients

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline Characteristics of All Patients

Numbers (%)	Peramivir Group Standard Dose^a (n=251)	Peramivir Group High Dose^b (n=42)	Oseltamivir Group (n=249)	p
Sex, male	127 (50.6)	19 (45.24)	115 (46.18)	0.568
Age, years (mean±SD)	70.52±15.03	71.19±15.29	66.20±16.72	0.005
Influenza Type				0.016
A	143 (56.97)	21 (50)	166 (66.7)
B	104 (41.43)	20 (47.62)	83 (33.3)
A and B	4 (1.59)	1 (2.38)	0
Co-morbidities
Chronic heart disease	24 (9.56)	4 (9.52)	46 (18.47)	0.010
Chronic lung disease	27 (10.76)	1 (2.38)	59 (23.69)	<0.001
Chronic liver disease	12 (4.78)	4 (9.52)	29 (11.65)	0.020
Chronic kidney disease	36 (14.34)	2 (4.76)	26 (10.44)	0.135
Solid tumor	41 (16.33)	4 (9.52)	37 (14.86)	0.515
Hematologic malignancy	1 (0.40)	1 (2.38)	9 (3.61)	0.038
Diabetes	73 (29.08)	10 (23.81)	67 (26.91)	0.727
CCI (mean±SD)	2.00±2.28	1.48±1.76	2.10±1.98	0.212
ICU admission at baseline	43 (17.13)	13 (30.95)	21 (8.4)	0.000
Pneumonia at baseline	89 (35.46)	27 (64.29)	36 (14.46)	0.000
Time from onset to treatment initiation^c (days, (mean±SD))	2.54±2.94	3.17±2.49	2.11±1.50	0.011

Notes: ^a300 mg, single dose; ^bexceeding 300 mg, single or multiple doses; ^ctime from first symptom onset to first dose of peramivir/oseltamivir.

Abbreviations: CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; SD, standard deviation; ICU, intensive care unit.

Table 2 Laboratory Parameters from Available Patients

Mean±SD, n	Peramivir Group Standard Dose^a (n=251)	Peramivir Group High Dose^b (n=42)	Oseltamivir Group (n=249)	p
PaO2 (mmHg)	76.49±33.12, (128)	77.48±35.31, (21)	78.20±31.95, (102)	0.926
PaCO2 (mmHg)	37.34±9.61, (128)	34.76±7.03, (21)	35.50±10.07, (102)	0.259
SaO2 (%)	92.39±6.54 (135)	91.41±8.49 (22)	93.22±5.64 (102)	0.396
SOFA score	5.11±3.44 (61)	8.00±3.12 (8)	4.57±3.04 (35)	0.032
APACHE II score	18.89±8.55 (18)	21.20±0.96 (5)	15.25±5.92 (32)	0.101
Creatinine clearance (mL/min)	67.81±34.41(210)	69.50±36.86(41)	83.21±46.94 (245)	0.0003

Notes: ^a300 mg, single dose; ^bexceeding 300 mg, single or multiple doses.

Abbreviations: PaO₂, partial pressure of arterial oxygen; PaCO₂, partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide; SaO₂, arterial oxygen saturation; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; APACHE, acute physiologic and chronic health evaluation.

Table 3 Clinical Outcomes from All Patients

Numbers (%)	Peramivir Group Standard Dose^a (n=251)	Peramivir Group High Dose^b (n=42)	Oseltamivir Group (n=249)	p
Defervescence within 3 days	167 (66.53)	24 (57.14)	178 (71.49)	0.141
30-Day mortality	22 (8.76)	5 (11.90)	15 (6.02)	0.299
Duration of hospital stay (mean±SD)	10.65±13.84	14.12±13.75	13.28±18.12	0.129
Duration of ICU stay (mean±SD)	9.60±13.17	10.62±10.63	11.26±11.53	0.868

Notes: ^a300mg, single dose; ^bexceeding 300mg, single or multiple doses.

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; ICU, intensive care unit.

Table 4 Multivariate Analysis of Factors Associated with 30-Day Mortality

Numbers (%)	Survivors (n=500)	Non-Survivors (n=42)	Multivariate OR (95% CI)	p
Age (mean±SD)	67.90±16.01	76.69±13.09		0.094
ICU admission	47(9.4)	21(50%)	5.81 (2.70–12.50)	0.000
Peramivir	266(53.2)	27(64.3)		0.377
CCI (mean±SD)	1.91±2.05	3.00±2.51	1.32 (1.12–1.55)	0.001
Pneumonia	118 (23.6)	34 (81)	10.94 (4.45–26.89)	0.000

Abbreviations: CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; SD, standard deviation; ICU, intensive care unit.