Alteration of Clinical Chemistry Parameters Among Visceral Leishmaniasis Patients in Western Tigrai, Ethiopia, 2018/2019: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Visceral Leishmaniasis Patients and Healthy Controls in Western Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia November 2018 to April 2019 (n=200)

Socio Demography	VL Patients (n=100)	Control Groups (n=100)	P-value
Gender
Male, n (%)	91 (91%)	90 (90%)	0.809
Female, n (%)	9 (9%)	10 (10%)
Age in year n (%)
15–20	28	4
21–25	20	31
26–30	23	42
31–35	9	15
>35	20	8
Mean ±SD	27.98±9.634	27.64±4.758	0.752
Educational status
Illiterate	29	24
Primary	51	56
Secondary	20	16
Diploma and above	0	4
Occupation
Student	15	23
Farmer	24	15
Daily labor	60	56
Merchant	1	4
Government employee	0	2
Residence
Urban	6	9
Rural	94	91

Abbreviations: n, number; VL, visceral leishmaniasis.

Figure 1 Clinical features of visceral leishmaniasis patients in Western Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia from November 2018 to April 2019 (n = 100).

Table 2 Comparison of Clinical Chemistry Tests Among VL Patients and Healthy Controls in Western Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia, November 2018 to April, 2019 (n=200)

Parameters	VL Patients (n=100) Mean ±SD	Healthy Controls (n=100) Mean ±SD	p-value
ALT U/L	25.3±19.3	17.58±6.38	0.001
AST U/L	28.34±29.17	19.09±7.94	0.003
ALP U/L	95.3±60	76.02±19.22	0.002
Total Bilir (mg/dL)	0.759±0.413	0.62±0.23	0.004
Direct Bilir mg/dL)	0.19±0.079	0.186±0.056	0.592
Urea mg/dl	23.11±10.72	29.19±9.32	0.001
Creatinine mg/dL	0.806±0.25	0.82±0.18	0.651
Total CHO	130.37±36.69	145.1±20.07	0.001
Triglyceride	146.36±63.64	111.46±33.3	0.001
HDL	45.97±10.24	48.11±6.2	0.075
LDL	78.14±18.24	75.21±13.82	0.202

Notes: Independent t-test was used for comparison and P-value ≤ 0.05 is considered as statistical significant.

Abbreviations: ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine amino transaminase; AST, aspartate amino transaminase; Bilir, bilirubin; CHO, cholesterol; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; and SD, standard deviation.