Mycobacterium colombiense and Mycobacterium avium Complex Causing Severe Pneumonia in a Patient with HIV Identified by a Novel Molecular-Based Method

Figures & data

Figure 1 Chest X-ray. Chest diagnostic radiograph showed a slight increase and thickening of the texture of both lungs, with increased diffuse patch density. The boundary was fuzzy, and no obvious consolidation shadow was seen in the rest of the lungs.

Figure 2 Partial Sanger sequencing peak map of the 16S rDNA PCR product of the isolate sequenced with the 1492R primer.

Table 1 Comparison of Case Reports of Mycobacterium colombiense Infections in Patients with and without HIV

Description	Age	Country	Infected Tissue Location	Treatment	Comorbidities	Outcome	Year of Report
M. colombiense infection with pseudotuberculous lymphadenopathy^Citation10	25 months	France	Right subclavicular lymph node.	Surgical excision.	None.	Not described.	2009
Acquired immunodeficiency due to M. colombiense and cytomegalovirus coinfection^Citation11	49 years	Canada	Right superior lobar bronchus.	Piperacillin-tazobactam, vancomycin, rifampicin, clarithromycin, ethambutol, doripenem, tobramycin, and ciprofloxacin.	Multi-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa associated pneumonia.	Multi-organ failure and septic shock leading to death.	2013
M. colombiense associated pulmonary disease^Citation12	49 years	Brazil	Right lung (all lobes), left upper lobe.	Rifampicin, ethambutol, clarithromycin, streptomycin and amikacin.	Pulmonary tuberculosis.	No improvement following treatment, death reported at 3-month follow-up.	2016
M. colombiense associated cervical lymphadenitis in an HIV-infected patient^Citation13	36 years	USA	Right submandibular lymph node.	Levofloxacin, ethambutol, azithromycin, clarithromycin, clofazimine and amikacin. Surgical resection for sinus tract.	HIV on antiretroviral therapy (Truvada, Prezista and Norvir) and persistent right level IV sinus tract.	Healing of sinus tract, lost to 9-month follow-up.	2017
Disseminated M. colombiense infection in an HIV patient^Citation14	47 years	Portugal	Lymph node, epiploon, liver	Clarithromycin, rifabutin and ethambutol.	HIV on antiretroviral therapy, lymphoproliferative disorder, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.	Following 20 months of treatment, clinical and imagological resolution.	2019

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