Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Hospital-Acquired Infection Prevention and Associated Factors Among Healthcare Workers at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Figures & data

Table 1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Healthcare Workers at UoGCSH, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019

Variables	Category	Frequency	Percentage
Age/years	20–25	65	27.5
	26–30	102	43.2
	31–35	41	17.4
	≥36	28	11.9
Sex	Male	143	60.6
	Female	93	39.4
Educational status	Diploma	78	33
	First Degree	131	55.5
	Master’s degree	27	11.5
Work experience in years	≤5	164	69.5
	>5	72	30.5
Profession	Medical Doctors	4	1.7
	Dentists	2	0.8
	Health Officers	4	1.7
	Anesthetics	3	1.3
	Physiotherapist	3	1.3
	Radiographers	5	2.1
	Pharmacists	14	5.9
	Laboratory	26	11
	Midwives	22	9.3
	Nurses	148	62.7
	Psychiatry	3	1.3
	Optometrist	2	0.8

Table 2 Knowledge of Healthcare Workers About HAI Prevention at UoGCSH, 2019

Variables	True (%)	False (%)
Nosocomial infection is an infection whose development is favored by a hospital environment.	225 (95.3)	11 (4.7)
Nosocomial infections includes Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP), Tuberculosis, Urinary tract infection, Gastroenteritis.	160 (67.8)	75 (31.8)
HBV, HCV, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the organisms commonly encountered in nosocomial infections.	207 (87.7)	29 (12.3)
Gloves should always be worn in contact precautions.	218 (92.4)	18 (7.6)
Standard precautions should include the use of protective equipment and frequent hand washing.	228 (96.6)	8 (3.4)
Diagnosis influences my decision in choosing PPE.	196 (83.1)	40 (16.9)
Patient history will influence my decision in choosing PPE.	168 (71.2)	67 (28.4)
Washing hands before and after handling patients helps to prevent infection.	219 (92.8)	16 (6.8)
Wearing N95 mask is important when dealing with air born infection.	219 (92.8)	17 (7.2)
Wearing surgical masks when doing surgical procedures are vital to prevent infection.	221 (93.6)	15 (6.4)

Table 3 Attitude of Healthcare Workers About HAI Prevention at UoGCSH, 2019

Variables	Agree N (%)	Disagree N (%)	Not sure N (%)
It is necessary to categorize hospital waste before disposal.	144 (61.0)	61 (25.9)	31 (13.1)
Hand hygiene after removing gloves is a healthcare associated infection control measure.	207 (87.7)	20 (8.5)	9 (3.8)
Use of antiseptic is necessary to prevent nosocomial infection	217 (91.9)	10 (4.2)	9 (3.8)
Invasive procedures are risk factor for multi-drug resistant organisms.	117 (49.6)	60 (25.4)	59 (25)
Health worker hands are vehicle for transmission of nosocomial pathogen.	177 (75.0)	43 (18.2)	15 (6.4)
Changing mask before going to another patient is a nosocomial infection control measure.	125 (53.8)	63 (26.7)	46 (19.5)

Table 4 Healthcare Workers Practice Towards HAI Prevention at UoGCSH, 2019

Variables	Practice
	Always N (%)	Often N (%)	Sometimes N (%)	Not at All N (%)
Hand washing before starting work	80 (33.9)	63 (26.7)	74 (31.4)	18 (7.6)
Hand washing before handling new patients	68 (28.8)	61 (25.8)	86 (36.4)	20 (8.5)
Changing gloves before starting handling new patient	119 (50.4)	63 (26.7)	48 (20.3)	6 (2.6)
Wearing mask during handling TB suspected patients	93 (39.4)	62 (26.3)	58 (24.6)	22 (9.3)
Using safety cabinets in the laboratory.	67 (28.4)	36 (15.3)	33 (14.0)	93 (39.4)
Discarding infectious materials and left-over samples according to the guide line	43 (18.2)	28 (8.5)	135 (57.2)	33 (14.0)

Table 5 Association of Socio-Demographic Variables with Attitude and Practice of Healthcare Workers Towards HAI Prevention at UoGCSH, 2019

		Attitude
Variable	Category	Favorable N (%)	Unfavorable N (%)	X^2	P-value
Age/years	20–25	36 (55.4)	29 (44.6)	0.431	0.210
	26–30	53 (52)	49 (48.0)
	31–35	30 (73.1)	11 (26.9)
	≥36	16 (57.1)	12 (42.9)
	Total	135 (57.2)	101 (42.8)
Sex	Male	99 (69.2)	44 (30.8)	0.342	0.559
	Female	61 (65.6)	32 (34.4)
	Total	160 (67.8)	76 (32.2)
Educational status	Diploma	25 (32.0)	53 (68.0)	0.001	0.037
	First-Degree	56 (42.8)	75 (57.2)
	Masters	20 (74.0)	7 (26.0)
	Total	101 (42.8)	135 (57.2)
Level of experience	≤ 5	86 (52.4)	78 (47.6)	0.016	0.021
	>5	48 (66.7)	24 (33.3)
	Total	134 (56.7)	102 (43.3)
Variables		Practice
		Good N (%)	Poor N (%)	X2	P-value
Age	20–25	27 (41.5)	38 (58.5)	0.926	0.428
	26–30	33 (32.3)	69 (67.7)
	31–35	13 (31.7)	28 (68.3)
	≥36	12 (42.9)	16 (57.1)
	Total	85 (36.0)	151 (64.0)
Sex	Male	53 (37.1)	90 (62.9)	0.342	0.559
	Female	31 (33.3)	62 (66.7)
	Total	84 (35.6)	152 (64.4)
Educational status	Diploma	24 (30.8)	54 (69.2)	0.26	0.027
	First-Degree	47 (35.9)	84 (64.1)
	Masters	10 (37.1)	17 (62.9)
	Total	81 (34.3)	155 (65.7)
Level of Experience	≤5	58 (35.4)	106 (64.6)	0.014	0.044
	>5	27 (37.5)	45 (62.5)
	Total	85 (36.0)	151 (64.0)

Note: NB: Bold numeral in the table indicates significant association.