Efficacy Study of Chloroquine to Plasmodium vivax Malaria in Darimu and Bure Districts, Southwest Ethiopia

Figures & data

Figure 1 Geographical location of Darimu and Bure districts, Southwest Ethiopia.

Table 1 Baseline Characteristics of the Study Participants, Darimu and Bure Districts’ Health Centers, Southwest Ethiopia

Variables		Darimu District			Bure District
		Gobe	Bena	Total	Sibo	Bure	Total
Total Participants		26	39	65	23	27	50
Sex	Male	15 (57.7%)	27 (69.2%)	42 (64.6%)	16 (69.6%)	19 (70.4%)	35 (70%)
	Female	11 (42.3%)	12 (30.8%)	23 (35.4%)	7 (30.4%)	8 (29.6%)	15 (30%)
Age, years	Mean age	22.4	20.5	21.3	28.6	25.1	26.7
	Median age	20.5 [2–71]	20 [5–40]	20 [2–71]	25 [12–60]	23 [5–45]	23 [5–60]
	<5	2 (7.7%)	1 (2.6%)	3 (4.6%)	0 (0.00%)	1 (3.7%)	1 (2.0%)
	5–18	9 (34.6%)	15 (38.5%)	24 (36.9%)	5 (21.7%)	4 (14.8%)	9 (18%)
	18–35	12 (46.2%)	21 (53.8%)	33 (50.8%)	12 (52.2%)	17 (63.0%)	29 (58%)
	>35	3 (11.5%)	2 (5.1%)	5 (7.7%)	6 (26.1%)	5 (18.5%)	11 (22%)
Body T^o	Mean T^o	38°C	38.1°C	38.1^oC	38.5^oC	38.8^oC	38.7^oC
	Median T^o	38°C [38–38]	38^oC [37–39]	38^oC [37–39]	38.5^oC [37–39.5]	38.7^oC [38–40]	38.7^oC [37–40]
Body weight, kg	Mean bw	43.65	42.7	43.1	54.7	53.3	53.9
	Median bw	50.5 (12–75)	50 [12–63]	50 [12–75]	55 [25–72]	55 [14–70]	55 [14–72]
Fever history	Yes	25 (96.2%)	37 (94.9%)	62 (95.4%)	14 (60.9%)	23 (85.2%)	37 (74%)
	No	1 (3.8%)	2 (5.1%)	3 (4.6%)	9 (39.1%)	4 (14.8%)	13 (26%)
Geometric parasitemia	Mean	6,104	5,971	6,024.5	10,832	11,728	11,316
	Median	5,326 [3,364–12,769]	4,761 [2,500–16,900]	4,900 [2,500–16,900]	10,800 [4,573–16,000]	11,235 [5,541–20,000]	11,173 [4,73–20,000]
Gametocyte carriage n (%)		15 (57.7%)	20 (51.3)	35 (53.8%)	19 (82.6%)	14 (51.9%)	33 (66%)
Hemoglobin level, SD	Mean	11.1	11.2	11.1	11.2	12.1	11.7
	Median	11 [7–15]	11 [7–16]	11 [7–16]	12 [6–15]	12 [8–15]	12 [6–15]

Abbreviations: bw, body weight; T^o, temperature; kg, kilograms; n, number of study participants; SD, standard deviation.

Table 2 Parasite and Fever Clearance Rate and Hg and Body Weight Recovery in the Study Participants, Bure and Darimu Districts, Southwest Ethiopia

Variables	Follow-Up Periods					p-value
	D0	D3	D7	D14	D28
A) Darimu District
Fever history	62 (95.4%)	16 (24.6%)	2 (3.1%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0.42
Geometric parasitemia	6,024.5±381.5	512±10.6	0.36±0.10	0.0±0.00	0.0±0.00	0.001
Hemoglobin level, g/dL	11.1±0.23	^†	^†	^†	12.9±0.18	0.36
Body temperature, ^oC	38.1±0.04	^†	^†	^†	37.2±0.03	0.27
Body weight, kg	43.1±2.12	^†	^†	^†	43.3±2.1	0.98
B) Bure District
Fever history	37 (56.9%)	12 (18.5%)	1 (1.5%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0.60
Geometric parasitemia	11,316.1±489.8	405.2±13.8	0.64±0.34	0.0±0.00	0.0±0.00	0.02
Hemoglobin level, g/dL	11.7±0.32	^†	^†	^†	13.0±0.21	0.11
Body temperature, ^oC	38.7±0.10	^†	^†	^†	37.4±0.05	0.12
Body weight, kg	54.0±1.6	^†	^†	^†	54.5±1.52	0.55

Note: ^†Not done.

Abbreviations: D₀, Day zero; g/dL, gram per deciliter; kg, kilograms; ^oC, degrees Celsius.

Table 3 Pearson’s Correlation Test Between Treatment Response and Parasitemia Clearance at the 28th Day

Darimu District			Bure District
Treatment Responses	Pearson’s Correlation	P-value	Treatment Responses	Pearson’s Correlation	P-value
Geometric parasitemia	1.000	^†	Geometric parasitemia	1.000	^†
Body temperature	0.300	0.008	Body temperature	0.280	0.051
Body weight	−0.400	<0.001	Body weight	0.990	<0.001
Hemoglobin level	−0.330	0.004	Hemoglobin level	0.497	<0.001

Note: ^†Not done.