Antibiogram Profiles of Bacteria Isolated from Different Body Site Infections Among Patients Admitted to GAMBY Teaching General Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic Characteristic and Culture-Positive Status of Patients at GAMBY Teaching General Hospital

Variables	Category	Total N (%)	Culture Result		Isolates Gram-Reaction		P-value
			Negative N (%)	Positive N (%)	Gram-Negative N (%)	Gram-Positive N (%)
Sex	Female	403 (56.3)	301 (74.6)	102 (76.1)	60 (58.8)	42 (41.2)	0.0001
	Male	313 (43.7)	281 (89.7)	32 (23.9)	24 (75)	8 (25)
Age (years)	0–14	125 (17.5)	110 (88)	15 (12)	10 (66.6)	5 (33.3)
	15–29	246 (34.4)	194 (78.9)	52 (21.1)	34 (65.4)	18 (34.6)	0.03
	30–44	217 (30.3)	172 (81.1)	45 (18.9)	25 (55.6)	20 (44.4)
	45–59	83 (11.6)	71 (85.5)	12 (14.5)	10(83.3)	4 (16.7)
	≥60	45 (6.3)	37 (82.2)	8 (17.8)	5 (62.5)	3 (37.5)
Residence	Urban	398 (55.6)	322 (80.9)	76 (19.1)	49 (64.5)	27 (35.5)	0.77
	Rural	318 (44.4)	260 (81.4)	58 (18.6)	35 (60.3)	23 (39.6)
Antibiotic use	No	121 (16.9)	105 (86.8)	16 (13.2)	11 (68.8)	5 (31.2)	0.08
	Yes	595 (83.1)	477 (80.2)	118 (19.8)	73 (61.8)	45 (38.2)
Total		716 (100)	582 (81.3)	134 (18.7)	84 (62.7)	50 (37.3)

Figure 1 Bacteria isolated from patients at GAMBY Teaching General Hospital (November 2015–2018).

Table 2 Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Gram-Positive Bacterium Species Among Patients at GAMBY Teaching General Hospital

Antimicrobials	S. saprophyticus		S. aureus		S. pneumoniae		S. pyogenes		S. epidermidis
	# T	R	# T	R	# T	R	# T	R	# T	R
Cefoxitin	1	0	4	2	1	1	1	1	0	0
Clindamycin	1	1	1	1	0	0	1	1	1	1
Ciprofloxacin	22	8	10	8	1	0	2	1	2	1
Chloramphenicol	0	0	3	2	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cotrimoxazole	19	17	21	13	0	0	3	3	2	1
Erythromycin	16	12	10	8	1	0	4	3	1	1
Gentamycin	3	2	3	2	2	1	0	0	0	0
Nitrofurantoin	16	0	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norfloxacin	6	1	4	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Penicillin	1	1	5	4	1	0	0	0	1	1
Tetracycline	17	13	14	12	1	0	3	2	2	2
Oxacillin	3	1	5	3	1	0	0	0	1	0

Abbreviations: #T, number of isolates tested against each antimicrobial agent; R, isolates resistance to antimicrobial agents.

Table 3 Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Gram-Negative Bacterium Species at GAMBY Teaching General Hospital

Antimicrobials	E. coli		Klebsiella spp.		Citrobacter diversus		Salmonella spp.		Proteus spp.		N. gonorrhoeae
	# T	R	# T	R	# T	R	# T	R	# T	R	# T	R
Amoxicillin	23	23	4	3	2	2	1	1	1	1	0	0
Ampicillin	22	22	4	4	2	2	1	1	0	0	0	0
Amoxiclav	38	36	8	7	4	3	1	1	0	0	0	0
Ceftriaxone	3	2	2	1	1	1	1	0	1	0	0	0
Ceftazidime	30	11	6	5	0	0	0	0	1	1	0	0
Cefepime	3	3	1	1		0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cefixime	4	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
Clindamycin	2	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ciprofloxacin	61	15	10	5	5	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
Chloramphen	2	1	1	0	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0
Cotrimoxazol	51	41	10	8	5	3	1	1	1	1	1	1
Erythromycin	1	1	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0	0
Gentamycin	18	2	3	2	2	2	0	0	1	1	0	0
Nitrofurantoin	41	1	6	3	3	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
Norfloxacin	48	1	8	4	4	0	1	0	0	0	0	0
Penicillin	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	1	1
Tetracycline	48	40	7	7	5	5	1	1	1	1	1	1

Abbreviations: # T, number of isolates tested against each antimicrobial agent; R, isolates resistance to antimicrobial agents.

Table 4 Multi-Drug Resistance Profiles Among Bacterial Isolates at GAMBY Teaching General Hospital

Bacterial Isolates	R0	R1	R2	R3	R4	R5	R6	R7	Overall MDR
E. coli (n=64)	4	10	11	10	15	8	3	3	39
S. saprophyticus (n=26)	2	3	5	6	5	2	2	1	16
S. aureus (n=24)	0	4	8	5	3	1	2	1	12
Klebsiella spp. (n=11)	0	1	0	2	3	2	3	0	10
S. pyogenes (n=5)	1	0	2	1	0	0	0	1	2
C. diversus (n=5)	0	1	0	1	1	1	1	0	4
S. epidermidis (n=3)	0	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	3
Enterobacter spp. (n=2)	1	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	1
S. pneumoniae (n=1)	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salmonella spp. (n=1)	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	1
Proteus spp. (n=1)	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1
N. gonorrhoeae (n=1)	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total (n=144)	8	21	26	27	29	15	12	6	89

Abbreviations: R0, susceptible to all antimicrobials tested; R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7, resistance to one, two, three, four, five, six and seven antibiotics taken from different classes, respectively.