CTX-M-15 Positive Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Outbreak in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Maternity Hospital in Ha’il, Saudi Arabia

Figures & data

Table 1 Specific PCR Primer Pairs Used in This Study.

Resistance Type	Primer Name	Primer Sequence (5’- 3’)
blaTEM	TEMFU	TCGTGTCGCCCTTATTCCCTTTTT
	TEMRU	GCGGTTAGCTCCTCCGGTCCTC
	TEMFLF	GAAGACGAAAGGGCCTCGTG
	TEMFLR	GGTCTGACAGTTACCAATGC
blaSHV	SHVFU	GTGGATGCCGGTGACGAACAGC
	SHVRU	TGGCGCAAAAAGGCAGTCAATCCT
	SHVFLF	CGCCGGGTTATTCTTATTTGTCGC
	SHVFLR	TCTTTCCGATGCCGCCGCCAGTCA
blaCTX-M	CTX-MUF	CGCTTTGCGATGTGCAG
	CTX-MUR	ACCGCGATATCGTTGGT
	CTX-M gRp1F	AAAAATCACTGCGCCAGTTC
	CTX-M gRp1R	AGCTTATTCATCGCCACGTT
	CTX-M gRp2F	CGACGCTACCCCTGCTATT
	CTX-M gRp2R	CCAGCGTCAGATTTTTCAGG
	CTX-M gRp9F	CAAAGAGAGTGCAACGGATG
	CTX-M gRp9R	ATTGGAAAGCGTTCATCACC
	CTX-M gRp8F	TCGCGTTAAGCGGATGATGC
	CTX-M gRp8/25R	AACCCACGATGTGGGTAGC
	CTX-M gRp25F	GCACGATGACATTCGGG
	CTXMSeqF	GTTCGTCTCTTCCAGAATAAGG
	CTXMSeqR	CAGCACTTTTGCCGTCTAAG

Note: Adapted from Hassan H, Abdalhamid B. Molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae in a Saudi Arabian tertiary hospital. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2014;8(3):282–288. doi:10.3855/jidc.3809.¹⁴

Figure 1 PFGE patterns from 19 ESBL-positive E. coli isolates obtained from an NICU outbreak of infection from Ha’il, Saudi Arabia in 2014. Cluster analysis was performed using the method of DICE with UPGMA with band tolerances set to 1.0%. MIC values (µg/mL): amikacin (AK) S = ≤16; gentamicin (GM) S = ≤4; tobramycin (TOB) S ≤4, I = 8; ampicillin (AMP) S ≤8, R ≥32; cefoxitin (CFT) R ≥32; ceftazidime (CAZ) S ≤4, R ≥16; ciprofloxacin (CIP) S ≤0.25; levofloxacin (LEVO) S ≤0.5, imipenem (IMI) S ≤1. Abbreviations: MLST, 131 - Multilocus sequence type 131. TEM, N - no TEM gene detected; 1 - TEM 1 detected. SHV, N - no SHV gene detected; 2 - SHV 2 detected; 12 - SHV 12 detected. CTX-M, 15 - CTX-M-15 detected.

Figure 2 PFGE patterns from 42 ESBL-positive K. pneumoniae isolates obtained from an NICU outbreak of infection from Ha’il, Saudi Arabia in 2014. Cluster analysis was performed using the method of DICE with UPGMA with band tolerances set to 1.0%. MIC values (µg/mL): amikacin (AK) S ≤16, I = 32; gentamicin (GM) S ≤4, R ≥16; tobramycin (TOB) S ≤4, I = 8, R ≥16; ampicillin (AMP) R ≥32; cefoxitin (CFT) R ≥32; ceftazidime (CAZ) S ≤4, R ≥16; ciprofloxacin (CIP) S ≤0.25, R ≥1; levofloxacin (LEVO) S ≤0.5, R ≥2; imipenem (IMI) S ≤1. Abbreviations: MLST, 14 - Multilocus sequence type 14. TEM, N - no TEM gene detected; 1 - TEM 1 detected. SHV, N - no SHV gene detected; 12 - SHV 12 detected. CTX-M, N - no CTX-M gene detected; 15 - CTX-M-15 detected.

Hassan H, Abdalhamid B. Molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae in a Saudi Arabian tertiary hospital. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2014;8(3):282–288. doi:10.3855/jidc.380924619257

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