Magnitude of Antibody Cross-Reactivity in Medically Important Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses: A Systematic Review

Figures & data

Figure 1 Study-selection flowchart.

Table 1 Characteristics of included studies

	Target flavivirus		Source of sample	Design	Sample size	Country/continent
Mansfield et al^Citation20	DENV2		JEV- and YFV-vaccinated	Cohort	26	Japan
	WNV		JEV- and YFV-vaccinated	Cohort	28
Makino et al^Citation25	DENV		JEV patients	Cohort	13	Thailand
			JEV patients immunized with YFV 17D vaccine	Cohort	3
Allwinn et al^Citation21	DENV		YFV-vaccinated (17D vaccine)	Cohort	53	Germany
			TBEV-vaccinated	Cohort	26
van Meer et al^Citation22	DENV		ZIKV-infected travelers	Cohort	39	Netherlands
Houghton-Triviño et al^Citation23	DENV		YFV patients	Cohort	13	Colombia
			YFV vaccines	Cohort	19
	YFV		DENV patients	Cohort	20
Koraka et al^Citation16	DENV		YFV/WNF/JEV patients and TBEV-vaccinated	Cohort	49	Europe, Asia, and African
	YFV		DENV/WNF/JE patients and TBEV vaccinated	Cohort	52
	WNV		YFV/DENV/JEV patients and TBEV vaccinated	Cohort	50
	JEV		YFV/WNF/JEV patients	Cohort	50
Souza et al^Citation32	DENV and ZIKV		YFV-vaccinated	Cohort	77	Brazil
Kam et al^Citation24	CHIKV (E2EP3)		Non-CHIKV alphavirus–infected patients	Cohort	19	Singapore
			DENV-infected patients	Cohort	46
			Non-DENV flavivirus–infected patients	Cohort	14
Lai et al^Citation26	DENV		Primary and secondary DENV-infected patients	Cohort	15	Taiwan
Stettler et al^Citation31	DENV		ZIKV-infected patients	Cohort	20	Not mentioned
Priyamvada et al^Citation34	DENV		Secondary DENV2 patients	Cohort	4	Yap
Rogers et al^Citation30	ZIKV		DENV-experienced patients	Cohort	3	USA
Lai et al^Citation27	DENV		Flavivirus-experienced patients	Cohort	5	USA
Lanciotti et al^Citation28	ZIKV		DENV-experienced patients	Cohort	23	Yap

Table 2 Magnitude of cross-reaction reported in individual studies

Target flavivirus	Cross-reaction with Abs produced against	Source of sample (serum)	Assay type	Diagnostic marker	Cross-reaction (%)	Reference
DENV2	YFV and/or JEV	JEV- and YFV-vaccinated	PRNT50 (titer at least 1:20)	E-protein	38.5	[^Citation20]
DENV	JEV	JEV patients	PRNT50 (titer at least 1:10)	E-protein	15.4	[^Citation25]
DENV1–4	YFV and/or JEV	JEV patients immunized with YFV 17D vaccine	PRNT50 (titer at least 1:10)	E-protein	33.3
DENV	YFV	YFV-vaccinated (17D vaccine)	IgG ELISA	E-protein	15.1	[^Citation21]
DENV	TBEV	TBEV-vaccinated	IgG ELISA	E-protein	23.1
DENV	ZIKV	ZIKV-infected travelers	DENV NS1 antigen ELISA	NS1-protein	—	[^Citation22]
DENV	ZIKV	ZIKV-infected travelers	IgM ELISA	E-protein	31.0
DENV	ZIKV	ZIKV-infected travelers	IgG ELISA	E-protein	54.0
DENV	YFV	YFV patients	IgG ELISA	E-protein	76.9	[^Citation23]
DENV	YFV	YFV patients	IgM ELISA	E-protein	46.2
DENV	YFV	YFV vaccines	IgM ELISA	E-protein	42.1
DENV	Non-dengue flaviviruses	YFV/WNV/JEV patients and TBEV vaccines	IgM IFA	E-protein	33	[^Citation16]
DENV	Non-dengue flaviviruses	YFV/WNF/JEV patients and TBEV vaccines	IgG IFA	E-protein	71
DENV	Non-dengue flaviviruses	YFV/WNF/JEV patients and TBEV vaccines	IgM EIA	E-protein	39
DENV	Non-dengue flaviviruses	YFV/WNF/JEV patients and TBEV vaccines	IgG EIA	E-protein	84
DENV	YFV	YFV vaccinated	IgG ELISA	E-protein	3.9	[^Citation32]
YFV	DENV	DENV patients	PRNT50	E-protein	80	[^Citation23]
YFV	Non-YFV flaviviruses	DENV/WNF/JEV patients and TBEV vaccines	IgM IFA	E-protein	10	[^Citation16]
YFV	Non-YFV flaviviruses	DENV/WNF/JEV patients and TBEV vaccines	IgG IFA	E-protein	44
YFV	Non-YFV flaviviruses	DENV/WNF/JEV patients and TBEV vaccines	IgM EIA	E-protein	44
YFV	Non-YFV flaviviruses	DENV/WNF/JEV patients and TBEV vaccines	IgG EIA	E-protein	65
CHIKV E2EP3	Non-CHIKV alphaviruses	Non-CHIKV alphavirus–infected patients	PRNT50 (titer at least 1:10)	E-protein	58	[^Citation24]
CHIKV E2EP3	DENV	DENV-infected patients	PRNT50 (titer at least 1:10)	E-protein	6
CHIKV E2EP3	Non-DENV flaviviruses	Non-DENV flavivirus–infected patients	PRNT50 (titer at least 1:10)	E-protein	7
WNV	Non-WNF flaviviruses	YFV/DENV/JEV patients and TBEV vaccines	IgM IFA	E-protein	10	[^Citation16]
WNV	Non-WNF flaviviruses	YFV/DENV/JEV patients and TBEV vaccines	IgG IFA	E-protein	50
WNV	Non-WNF flaviviruses	YFV/DENV/JEV patients and TBEV vaccines	IgM EIA	E-protein	30
WNV	Non-WNF flaviviruses	YFV/DENV/JEV patients and TBEV vaccines	IgG EIA	E-protein	60
WNV	YFV and JEV	JEV and YFV vaccines	PRNT50 (titer at least 1:10)	E-protein	32.1	[^Citation20]
JEV	Non-JE flaviviruses	YFV/WNF/JEV patients	IgM IFA	E-protein	4	[^Citation16]
JEV	Non-JE flaviviruses	YFV/WNF/JEV patients	IgG IFA	E-protein	16
JEV	Non-JE FVs	YFV/WNF/JEV patients	IgM EIA	E-protein	32
JEV	Non-JE flaviviruses	YFV/WNF/JEV patients	IgG EIA	E-protein	74
ZIKV	YFV	YFV-vaccinated	IgG ELISA	E-protein	—	[^Citation32]

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