Willingness to Receive COVID-19 Vaccine and Its Determinant Factors Among Lactating Mothers in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Figures & data

Figure 1 Schematic presentation of sampling procedure.

Table 1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Study Participants in Southern Ethiopia, 2021 (n=630)

Variables	Categories	Frequency	Percentage (%)
Maternal age	<25	291	46.2
	≥25	339	53.8
Marital status	Married	600	95.2
	Single	12	1.9
	Widowed/divorced	18	2.9
Ethnicity	Gurage	503	79.8
	Amhara	82	13.1
	Oromo	45	7.1
Religion	Orthodox	348	55.2
	Muslim	145	23.1
	Protestant	62	9.8
	Catholic	75	11.9
Maternal educational status	No formal education	53	8.4
	Primary education	332	52.7
	Secondary and above	245	38.9
Maternal occupation	House wife	357	56.7
	Merchant	129	20.5
	NGO employee	12	1.9
	Government employee	132	21.0
Residence	Rural	270	43.0
	Urban	360	57.0

Table 2 Obstetric Characteristics of Study Participants in Southern Ethiopia, 2021 (n=630)

Variables	Categories	Frequency	Percentage (%)
Gravidity	Primigravida	202	32.0
	Multigravida	428	68.0
Parity	Primiparous	226	36.0
	Multiparous	404	64.0
History of ANC visit	Yes	521	82.7
	No	109	17.3
If yes how many times	1	42	8.1
	2	62	11.9
	3	214	41.1
	≥4	203	39.0
Mothers medical illness	Yes	36	5.7
	No	594	94.3
Types of medical illness	Hypertension	12	33.3
	Diabetes	10	27.8
	Kidney problems	14	38.9
Place of birth	Home	31	4.9
	Health institution	599	95.1
Infant sex	Male	232	36.8
	Female	398	63.2
Children age	<6 month	502	79.7
	≥6 month	128	20.3
Immunization counselling	Yes	450	71.4
	No	180	28.6

Figure 2 Maternal source of information about COVID-19 vaccine among study participants in Southern Ethiopia, 2021 (n=630).

Figure 3 Willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination among study participants in Southern Ethiopia, 2021 (n=630).

Table 3 Bivariate and Multivariable Analyses to Identify Factors Associated with Lactating Mothers Willingness to Receive COVID-19 Vaccination in Southern Ethiopia, 2021 (630)

Variables	Categories	Willingness to Receive COVID-19 Vaccination		COR(95% CI)	AOR(95% CI)
		No (246)	Yes (384)
Maternal age	<25	122(42%)	169(58%)	1	1
	≥25	124(36.6%)	215(63.4%)	1.25(0.33–1.92)	0.48(0.29–1.58)
Residence	Rural	84(31%)	186(69%)	1	1
	Urban	162(45%)	198(55%)	1.81(1.12–2.81)*	2.51(1.62–3.91)*
Maternal medical illness	Yes	11(30.6%)	25(69.4%)	1	1
	No	235(39.6%)	359(60.4%)	1.49(1.33–2.64)*	1.28(0.93–1.84)
Maternal educational status	No formal education	21(39.6%)	32(60.4%)	1	1
	Primary	103(31%)	229(69%)	0.69(0.56–1.96)	0.91(0.86–2.31)
	Secondary and above	122(49.8%)	123(50.2%)	1.51(1.38–2.01)*	2.83(1.51–4.21)*
Place of birth	Home	11(35.5%)	20(64.5%)	1	1
	Health institution	235(39.2%)	364(60.8%)	1.17(1.01–2.99)*	0.81(0.79–1.52)
Immunization counselling	Yes	148(33%)	302(67%)	1	1
	No	98(54.4%)	82(45.6%)	2.44(1.47–4.22)*	3.44(1.95–5.91)**
Knowledge	Poor knowledge	108(35.6%)	195(64.4%)	1	1
	Good knowledge	138(42.2%)	189(57.8%)	1.32(1.04–1.94)*	2.62(1.84–3.47)*
Attitude	Unfavourable attitude	118(32.3%)	247(67.7%)	1	1
	Favourable attitude	128(48.3%)	137(51.7%)	1.96(0.89–2.31)	1.82(0.71–3.64)
Adherence to COVID-19 mitigation measures	Poor adherence	67(29%)	165(71%)	1	1
	Good adherence	179(45%)	219(55%)	2.0(1.62–4.81)*	3.2(1.91–5.63)*

Notes: 1=reference, *p=<0.05, **P=0.001.

Abbreviations: AOR, Adjusted Odds Ratio; COR, Crude Odds Ratio.