Comparing the Treatment Outcomes of Tuberculosis Patients in a Private Clinic with a Governmental Health Center in Jimma City, Ethiopia: Retrospective Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Distribution of Sex, Age, Educational Level, Occupational Status, Category of Patients, and Types of TB Diagnosis in Jimma Health Center, Jimma Town, Oromia Region, South West Ethiopia from September 11, 2006–September 10, 2017

Characteristics		Total number of TB cases	Percent (%)
Sex	Male	236	46.3
	Female	274	53.7
	Total	510	100
Age	0–14	31	6.1
	15–49	419	82.2
	50+	60	11.8
	Total	510	100
Educational level	Cannot read and write	5	10
	1–4 grade	6	12.0
	5–8 grade	7	14
	9–12 grade	15	30
	Higher education	17	34
	Total	50	100
Occupational status	Student	6	12
	Daily laborer	8	16
	Merchant	9	18
	Governmental employer	10	20
	Farmer	1	2.0
	Other	16	32
	Total	50	100
Category of patient	New	465	91.2
	Relapse	19	3.7
	Transfer In	16	3.1
	Other	10	2.0
	Total	510	100
Type of TB	EPTB	247	48.4
	P.NEG	20	3.9
	P.POS	243	47.6
	Total	510	100

Table 2 Distribution of TB Treatment Outcome in Jimma Health Center, Jimma Town, Oromia Region, South West Ethiopia from September 11, 2006–September 10, 2017

Treatment Outcome	Total Number of TB Cases	Percent (%)
Completed	251	49.2
Defaulter	21	4.1
Cured	235	46.1
Died	3	0.6
Total	510	100

Table 3 Distribution of Category of TB and Patient Diagnosis with Treatment Outcome in Jimma Health Center, Jimma Town, Oromia Region, Southwest Ethiopia from September 11, 2006–September 10, 2017

Characteristics		Treatment Outcome
		Complete		Default		Cured		Died		Total
		No	%	No	%	No	%	No	%	No	%
Types of TB Diagnosis	EPTB	233	94.3	13	5.3	0	0	1	0.4	247	100
	P.NEG	16	80	3	15	0	0	1	5	20	100
	P.POS	2	0.8	5	2.1	235	96.7	1	0.4	243	100
	Total	251	49.2	21	4.1	235	46.1	3	0.6	510	100
Category of TB	New	231	49.7	17	3.7	214	46.0	3	0.6	465	100
	Relapse	4	21.1	1	5.3	14	73.7	0	0	19	100
	Transferred In	10	62.5	2	12.5	4	25.0	0	0	16	100
	Others	6	60	1	10	3	30	0	0	10	100
	Total	251	49.2	21	4.1	235	46.1	3	0.6	510	100

Table 4 Distribution of Types of TB Diagnosis According to Age and Sex of Patients in Jimma Health Center, Jimma Town, Oromia Region, South West Ethiopia from September 11, 2006–September 10, 2017

Characteristics		Type of TB
		EPTB		P.NEG		P.POS
		No	%	No	%	No	%
Age	0–14	25	10.1	2	10	4	1.6
	15–49	191	77.3	16	80	212	87.2
	50+	31	12.6	2	10	27	11.1
	Total	247	100	20	100	243	100
Sex	Male	89	39.7	3	75	116	50
	Female	135	60.3	1	25	116	50
	Total	224	100	4	100	232	100

Table 5 Distribution of Age, Sex, Educational Level, Occupational Status, Types of TB, and Category of Patients in Relation to Their Treatment Outcome in Jimma Health Center, Jimma Town, Oromia Region, South West Ethiopia from September 11, 2006–September 10, 2017

Characteristics		Treatment Outcome (%)					X-Square Test	P-value
		Completed	Defaulter	Cured	Died	Total (%)
Age	0–14	26 (86.7)	0	4 (13.3)	0	30 (5.9)	24.104	0.00
	15–49	193 (46.0)	19 (4.5)	206 (49)	2 (0.5)	420 (82.3)
	50+	32 (53.3)	2 (3.3)	25 (41.7)	1 (1.7)	60 (11.8)
	Total	251	21	235	3	510
Sex	Male	107 (45.3)	8 (3.4)	119 (50.4)	2 (0.8)	236 (46.3)	4.220	0.239
	Female	144 (52.6)	13 (4.7)	116 (42.3)	1 (0.4)	274 (53.7)
	Total	251	21	235	3	510
Educational level	Illiterate	1 (20)	4 (80)	0	0.0	5 (10)	22.110	0.005
	1–4 grade	4 (66.7)	1 (16.7)	1 (16.7)	0.0	6 (12)
	5–8 grade	6 (85.7)	0	1 (14.3)	0.0	7 (14)
	9–12 grade	13 (86.7)	1 (6.7)	1 (6.7)	0.0	15 (30)
	Higher education	12 (70.6)	0	5 (29.4)	0.0	17 (34)
	Total	36	6	8	0.0	50
Occupational status	Student	5 (83.3)	0	1 (16.7)	0.0	6 (12)	12.857	0.232
	Daily laborer	4 (50)	3 (37.5)	1 (12.5)	0.0	8 (16)
	Merchant	6 (66.7)	0	3 (33.3)	0.0	9 (18)
	Governmental employer	9 (90)	0	1 (10)	0.0	10 (20)
	Farmer	1 (100)	0	0	0.0	1 (2)
	Other	11 (68.8)	3 (18.8)	2 (12.5)	0.0	16 (32)
	Total	36	6	8	0.0	50
Types of TB	EPTB	233 (94.3)	13 (5.3)	0	1 (0.4)	247 (48.4)	660.819	0.000
	P.NEG	16 (80)	3 (15)	0	1 (5)	20 (3.9)
	P.POS	2 (0.8)	5 (2.1)	235 (96.7)	1 (0.4)	243 (47.6)
	Total	251	21	235	3	510
Patient Category	New	231 (49.7)	17 (3.7)	214 (46)	3 (0.6)	465 (91.2)	13.044	0.161
	Relapse	4 (21.1)	1 (5.3)	14 (73.7)	0	19 (3.7)
	Transfer In	10 (62.5)	2 (12.5)	4 (25)	0	16 (3.1)
	Other	6 (60)	1 (10)	3 (30)	0	10 (2)
	Total	251	21	235	3	510

Table 6 Distribution of Individual Factors Associated with Treatment Outcome of TB Patients in Jimma Health Center, Jimma Town, Oromia Region, South West Ethiopia from September 11, 2006–September 10, 2017

Characteristics	Total No of TB Cases (%)	No (%) of Unsuccessful Outcome	AOR (95% CI)	P-value
Age
0–14	30 (5.9)	0	–	–
15–49	420 (82.3)	21 (5)	1.26 (1.06–2.24)	0.016^a
50+	60 (11.8)	3 (5)	1.00 (reference)	Reference
Sex
Male	236 (46.3)	10 (4.2)	0.86 (0.72–1.31)	0.239
Female	274 (53.7)	14 (5.1)	1.00 (reference)	Reference
Educational level
Illiterate	5 (10)	4 (80)	3.63 (1.98–5.45)	0.019^b
1–4 grade	6 (12)	1 (16.7)	1.61 (1.21–2.34)	0.027^c
5–8 grade	7 (14)	0 (0)	–	–
9–12 grade	15 (30)	1 (6.7)	1.00 (reference)	Reference
Higher education	17 (34)	0 (0)	–	–
Occupation status
Student	6 (12)	0	0.48 (0.29–2.12)	0.467
Daily laborer	8 (16)	3 (37.5)	1.73 (1.14–2.64)	0.374
Merchant	9 (18)	0	0.98 (0.72–1.45)	0.892
Governmental employer	10 (20)	0	2.21 (1.98–4.78)	0.188
Farmer	1 (2)	0	1.37 (1.04–3.12)	0.976
Other	16 (32)	3 (18.8)	1 (Reference)	Reference
Type of TB
EPTB	247 (48.4)	14 (5.7)	2.12 (1.02–3.67)	0.001^d
P.NEG	20 (3.9)	4 (20)	1.66 (1.21–2.87)	0.003^e
P.POS	243 (47.6)	6 (2.5)	1.00 (reference)	Reference
Patient Category
New	465 (91.2)	20 (4.3)	1.67 (1.26–3.89)	0.161
Relapse	19 (3.7)	1 (5.3)	0.91 (0.78–3.2)	0.739
Transfer In	16 (3.1)	2 (12.5)	1.28 (1.11–3.12)	0.862
Other	10 (2)	1 (10)	1.00 (reference)	Reference

Notes: ^aPoor treatment outcome was observed in 15–49 years old patients. ^bIlliterate educational status showed significant association with poor treatment outcome. ^c1–4 grade patients shows poor treatment outcome. ^dPoor treatment outcome was observed in EPTB patients. ^eP.NEG patients showed poor treatment outcome.

Table 7 Distribution of Sex, Age, Educational Level, Occupational Status, Category of Patients, and Types of TB Diagnosis in Jimma Medium Clinic, Jimma Town, Oromia Region, South West Ethiopia from September 11, 2006–September 10, 2017

Characteristics	Category	Number of TB Cases	Percentage (%)
Sex	Male	296	50.9
	Female	286	49.1
	Total	582	100
Age	0–14	67	11.5
	15–49	432	74.2
	50+	83	14.3
	Total	582	100
Educational level	Cannot read and write	5	11.9
	1–4 grade	3	7.1
	5–8 grade	8	19.0
	9–12 grade	11	26.2
	Higher education	15	35.7
	Total	42	100
Occupational status	Student	9	21.4
	Daily laborer	5	11.9
	Merchant	6	14.3
	Governmental employer	7	16.7
	Farmer	1	2.4
	Other	14	33.3
	Total	42	100
Category of patient	New	564	96.9
	Relapse	3	0.5
	Transfer In	6	1.0
	Other	9	1.5
	Total	582	100
Type of TB	EPTB	243	41.8
	P.NEG	204	35.1
	P.POS	135	23.2
	Total	582	100

Table 8 Distribution of TB Treatment Outcome in Jimma Medium Clinic, Jimma Town, Oromia Region, South West Ethiopia from September 11, 2006–September 10, 2017

Characteristics		Number of TB Cases	Percentage (%)
Treatment outcome	Completed	444	76.3
	Defaulter	7	1.2
	Cured	127	21.8
	Died	3	0.5
	Failure	1	0.2
	Total	582	100

Table 9 Distribution of Category of TB and Patient Diagnosis with Treatment Outcome in Jimma Medium Clinic, Jimma Town, Oromia Region, Southwest Ethiopia from September 11, 2006–September 10, 2017

Characteristics		Treatment Outcome
		Complete		Default		Cured		Died		Failure		Total
		No	%	No	%	%	%	No	%	No	%	No
Types of TB	EPTB	237	97.5	2	0.8	2	0.8	2	0.8	0	0.0	243
	P.NEG	198	97.1	2	1.0	3	1.5	1	0.5	0	0.0	204
	P.POS	9	6.7	3	2.2	122	90.4	0	0.0	1	0.7	135
	Total	444	76.3	7	1.2	127	21.8	3	0.5	1	0.2	582
Patient category	New	434	77.0	6	1.1	121	21.5	2	0.4	1	0.2	564
	Relapse	1	33.3	1	33.3	1	33.3	0	0.0	0	0.0	3
	Transferred In	3	50.0	0	0.0	2	33.3	1	16.7	0	0.0	6
	Others	6	66.7	0	0.0	3	33.3	0	0.0	0	0.0	9
	Total	444	75.8	7	1.2	127	21.7	3	0.5	1	0.2	582

Table 10 Distribution of Types of TB Diagnosis According to Age and Sex of Patients in Jimma Medium Clinic, Jimma Town, Oromia Region, South West Ethiopia from September 11, 2006–September 10, 2017

Characteristics		Type of TB
		EPTB		P.NEG		P.POS
		No	%	No	%	No	%
Age	0–14	27	11.1	36	17.6	4	3.0
	15–49	179	73.7	135	66.2	118	87.4
	50+	37	15.2	33	16.2	13	9.6
	Total	243	100	204	100	135	100
Sex	Male	118	48.6	103	50.5	75	55.6
	Female	125	51.4	101	49.5	60	44.4
	Total	243	100	204	100	135	100

Table 11 Distribution of Age, Sex, Educational Level, Occupational Status, Types of TB, and Category of Patients in Relation to Their Treatment Outcome in Jimma Medium Clinic, Jimma Town, Oromia Region, South West Ethiopia from September 11, 2006–September 10, 2017

Characteristics		Treatment Outcome (%)						X Square test	P-value
		Completed	Defaulter	Cured	Died	Failure	Total (%)
Age	0–14	63 (94)	0	4 (6)	0	0		25.386	0.001
	15–49	314 (72.7)	6 (1.4)	110 (25.5)	1 (0.2)	1 (0.2)	432 (74.2)
	50+	67 (80.7)	1 (1.2)	13 (15.7)	2 (2.4)	0	83 (14.3)
	Total	444	7	127	3	1	582
Sex	Male	219 (74)	2 (7)	72 (24.3)	2 (0.7)	1 (0.3)	296 (50.9)	5.246	0.263
	Female	225 (78.7)	5 (1.7)	55 (19.2)	1 (0.3)	0	286 (49.1)
	Total	444	7	127	3	1	582
Educational level	Illiterate	1 (20)	2 (40)	0	2 (40)	0	5 (11.9)	37.861	0.000
	1–4 grade	2 (66.7)	1 (33.3)	0	0	0	3 (7.1)
	5–8 grade	6 (75)	1 (12.5)	1 (12.5)	0	0	8 (19)
	9–12 grade	10 (90.9)	1 (9.1)	0	0	0	11 (26.2)
	Higher education	5 (33.3)	0	10 (66.7)	0	0	15 (35.7)
	Total	24	5	11	2	0	42
Occupational status	Student	7 (77.8)	0	2 (22.2)	0	0	9 (21.4)	14.628	0.478
	Daily laborer	2 (40)	1 (20)	1 (20)	1 (20)	0	5 (11.9)
	Merchant	5 (83.3)	1 (16.7)	0	0	0	6 (14.3)
	Governmental employer	4 (57.1)	1 (14.30)	2 (28.6)	0	0	7 (16.7)
	Farmer	1 (100)	0	0	0	0	1 (2.4)
	Other	5 (35.7)	2 (14.3)	6 (42.90)	1 (7.1)	0	14 (33.3)
	Total	24	5	11	2	0	42
Types of TB	EPTB	237 (97.5)	2 (0.8)	2 (0.8)	2 (0.8)	0	243 (41.8)	491.396	0.000
	P.NEG	198 (97.1)	2 (1)	3 (1.5)	1 (0.5)	0	204 (35.1)
	P.POS	9 (6.7)	3 (2.2)	122 (90.4)	0	1 (0.7)	135 (23.2)
	Total	444	7	127	3	1	582
Patient category	New	434 (77)	6 (1.1)	121 (21.5)	2 (0.4)	1	564 (96.9)	13.352	0.344
	Relapse	1 (33.3)	1 (33.3)	1 (33.3)	0	0	3 (0.5)
	Transfer In	3 (50)	0	2 (33.3)	1 (16.7)	0	6 (1)
	Other	6 (66.7)	0	3 (33.3)	0	0	9 (1.5)
	Total	444	7	127	3	1	582

Table 12 Distribution of Age, Sex, Educational Level, Occupational Status, Types of TB, and Category of Patients in Relation to Their Treatment Outcome in Both Jimma Medium Clinic and Jimma Health Center, Jimma Town, Oromia Region, South West Ethiopia from September 11, 2006–September 10, 2017

Characteristics	Total No of TB Cases (%)	No (%) of Unsuccessful Outcome	AOR (95% CI)	P-value
Age
0–14	67 (11.5)	0	–	–
15–49	432 (74.2)	8 (1.8)	2.16 (1.67–3.09)	0.013^a
50+	83 (14.3)	3 (3.6)	1 (Reference)	Reference
Sex
Male	296 (50.9)	5 (8)	1.34 (1.12–2.98)	0.934
Female	286 (49.1)	6 (2)	1 (Reference)	Reference
Educational level
Illiterate	5 (11.9)	4 (80)	2.73 (1.18–4.31)	0.009^b
1–4 grade	3 (7.1)	1 (33.3)	1.92 (1.82–2.63)	0.005^c
5–8 grade	8 (19)	1 (12.5)	1.03 (1.01–2.66)	0.003^d
9–12 grade	11 (26.2)	1 (9.1)	0.78 (0.38–2.89)	0.002^e
Higher education	15 (35.7)	0	1 (Reference)	Reference
Occupational status
Student	9 (21.4)	0	1.24 (1.02–2.12)	0.621
Daily laborer	5 (11.9)	2 (40)	1.21 (1.02–2.64)	0.554
Merchant	6 (14.3)	1 (16.7)	0.72 (0.58–2.45)	0.241
Governmental employer	7 (16.7)	1 (14.3)	1.91 (1.28–2.68)	0.836
Farmer	1 (2.4)	0	1.26 (1.14–2.61)	0.496
Other	14 (33.3)	3 (21.4)	1 (Reference)	Reference
Type of TB
EPTB	4 (1.6)	247 (43.4)	1.84 (1.01–3.78)	0.004^f
P.NEG	3 (2)	207 (35.6)	0.47 (0.24–2.71)	0.021^g
P.POS	4 (2.9)	138 (25.4)	1 (Reference)	Reference
Patient Category
New	564 (96.9)	9 (1.7)	0.98 (0.38–2.19)	0.651
Relapse	3 (0.5)	1 (33.3)	1.28 (1.06–1.72)	0.892
Transfer In	6 (1)	1 (16.7)	1.85 (1.62–3.22)	0.278
Other	9 (1.5)	0	1 (Reference)	Reference

Notes: ^aPoor treatment outcome was observed in 15–49 years old patients. ^bIlliterate educational status showed significant association with poor treatment outcome. ^c1–4 grade patients shows poor treatment outcome. ^d5–8 grade patients shows poor treatment outcome. ^e9–12 grade patients shows poor treatment outcome. ^fPoor treatment outcome was observed in EPTB patients. ^gP.NEG patients shows poor treatment outcome.

Figure 1 Trend of all types of registered TB cases in Jimma Medium Clinic and Jimma Health Center September 12, 2017–September 2017.

Figure 2 The overall treatment outcome of Jimma Medium Clinic and Jimma Health Center.

Figure 3 Patient age with TB treatment outcome in Jimma Medium Clinic and Jimma Health Center.

Figure 4 The sex of the patient with TB treatment outcome in Jimma Medium Clinic and Jimma Health Center.

Figure 5 Educational level of the patient with the TB treatment outcome in Jimma Medium Clinic and Jimma Health Center.

Figure 6 Occupational status of the patient with the TB treatment outcome in Jimma Medium Clinic and Jimma Health Center.

Figure 7 The type of TB with the TB treatment outcome in Jimma Medium Clinic and Jimma Health Center.

Figure 8 The category of the patient with the TB treatment outcome in Jimma Medium Clinic and Jimma Health Center.