Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Accurate Diagnosis of Acute HIV Infection with Aseptic Meningitis: A Case Report

Figures & data

Figure 1 Inflammation indicators obtained in the patient during hospitalization.

Figure 2 mNGS results of the patient. mNGS detected 12 HIV sequences in cerebrospinal fluid (A). The coverage and proportion of HIV detected by mNGS in cerebrospinal fluid (B). The blue ch2 and red ch1 lines denote the internal reference and specimen curve, respectively. mNGS, metagenomic next-generation sequencing.

Table 1 Results of Cerebrospinal Fluid Examination During Hospitalization

Variables	Day 2	Day 6	Day 9	Day 18
Opening pressure (cm of water)	11	7.5	10.3	15
Color	Light yellow	Colorless	Colorless	Colorless
Pan’s test	4+	2+	1+	−
Nucleated cell number (/ul)	380	71	57	28
Mononuclear cell percentage (%)	99	99	98	97
Protein (120~600mg/l)	>6000	1851	1217	539
Glucose (2.2~3.9mmol/l)	2.0	3.0	2.8	3.2
Chloride (120~130mmol/l)	117.8	116.9	116	121

Note: “−”: negative.

Table 2 HIV-Related Testing

Time	Blood Antigen/Antibody Tests^Δ	CSF mNGS	CSF RNA qPCR (Copise/mL)	Blood RNA qPCR (Copise/mL)	Blood Western Blot Test
Day 0*	Negative	/	/	/	/
Day 4	/	Positive	/	/	/
Day 5	Negative	/	/	/	/
Day 6	/	/	910	1.37×10^5	/
Day 10	Negative	/	/	/	/
Day 17	Positive	/	/	/	/
Day 18	/	/	/	/	Positive

Notes: Day 0*: 1 day before hospitalization. “/”: No related testing. ^ΔElisa and magnetism particulate immuno chemistry luminescence method.

Figure 3 qPCR results of the patient. qPCR results in HIV in cerebrospinal fluid (A) and blood (B). qPCR, quantitative polymerase chain reaction.