Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome and Associated Factors at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: A Ten-Year Retrospective Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Socio-Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of MDR/RR-TB Patients Treated at the UoGCSH, Between 2011 and 2021 (N = 408)

Variables		Frequency	Percentage
Sex	Male	251	61.5
	Female	157	38.5
Age	≤ 5	7	1.7
	6–12	4	1
	13–18	19	4.7
	19–24	81	19.9
	25–44	224	54.9
	≥ 45	73	17.9
BMI	< 18.5	245	60
	≥ 18.5	99	24.3
	Unknown	64	15.7
Site of TB infection	Pulmonary	372	91.2
	Extrapulmonary	36	8.8
Comorbidity (at least one)	Yes	115	28.2
	No	293	71.8
HIV status	Reactive	101	24.8
	Non-reactive	273	66.9
	Unknown	34	8.3
History of TB drug usage	Yes	323	79.2
	No	85	20.8
Patient category	New	85	20.8
	Relapse	92	22.55
	Failure to FLDs	124	30.4
	Failure to SLDs	90	22.1
	Loss to follow-up	7	1.72
	Others	10	2.45
Year of diagnosis	2011	30	7.4
	2012	45	11.0
	2013	72	17.6
	2014	50	12.3
	2015	40	9.8
	2016	18	4.4
	2017	42	10.3
	2018	34	8.3
	2019	31	7.6
	2020	24	5.9
	2021	22	5.4
Total		408	100%

Table 2 Treatment Outcomes Among Patients Who Had Received Treatment for MDR/RR-TB at the UoGCSH, Between 2011 and 2021 (N = 389)

Treatment Outcomes		Frequency	Percentage
Successful N = 300 (77.12%)	Cured	227	58.35
	Completed	73	18.76
Unsuccessful N = 89 (22.88%)	Died	36	9.25
	Failed	12	3.1
	Loss to follow-up	27	6.94
	Not evaluated	14	3.6
Total		389	100

Table 3 Bivariable and Multivariable Analyses of Factors Associated with MDR-TB Treatment Outcomes at the UoGCSH, from 2011 to 2021. (N = 389)

Variables		Treatment Outcome		COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)
		Successful (%)	Unsuccessful (%)
Sex	Male	187 (77.6)	54 (22.4)	0.932 (0.574–1.515)	NA
	Female	113 (76.4)	35 (23.6)	Ref
Age	<25	91 (85.8)	15 (14.2)	Ref	Ref
	25–44	164 (76.6)	50 (23.4)	1.85 (0.984–3.477)	1.831 (0.961–3.487)
	≥45	45 (65.2)	24 (34.8)	3.236 (1.548–6.764)	3.292 (1.551–6.988)
BMI	Under weight	173 (75.2)	57 (24.8)	1.779 (0.950–3.331)	1.738 (0.909–3.323)
	Normal weight	81 (84.4)	15 (15.6)	Ref	Ref
	Unknown	46 (73.0)	17 (27.0)	1.996 (0.912–4.366)	1.833 (0.812–4.137)
Comorbidity	Yes	82 (73.9)	29 (26.6)	1.285 (0.771–2.142)	NA
	No	218 (78.4)	60 (21.4)	Ref
HIV status	Reactive	70 (72.2)	27 (27.8)	1.459 (0.855–2.489)	NA
	Non-reactive	208 (79.1)	55 (20.9)	Ref
	Unknown	22 (75.9)	7 (24.1)	1.203 (0.489–2.962)
Type of TB	Pulmonary	272 (76.4)	84 (23.6)	Ref	NA
	Extrapulmonary	28 (84.8)	5 (15.2)	0.58 (0.216–1.545)
TB drug use history	Yes	237 (76)	75 (24)	1.424 (0.755–2.686)	NA
	No	63 (82)	14 (18)	Ref
Patient category (history)	New	63 (81.8)	14 (18.2)	Ref	Ref
	Relapse	71 (83.5)	14 (16.5)	0.887 (0.393–2.004)	1.161 (0.480–2.808)
	Failure to FLDs	90 (75)	30 (25)	1.800 (0.316–10.246)	2.701 (0.420–17.356)
	Failure to SLDs	64 (71.1)	26 (28.9)	1.500 (0.736–3.055)	2.011 (0.916–4.416)
	Loss to follow-up	5 (71.4)	2 (28.6)	1.828 (0.875–3.820)	2.415 (1.075–5.425)
	Others	7 (70)	3 (30)	1.929 (0.443–8.398)	2.559 (0.705–7.574)

Abbreviations: AOR, adjusted odd ratio; CI, confidence interval; COR, crude odd ratio; FLD, first-line drug; NA, not available; Ref, reference; SLD, second-line drug.