Influenza treatment and prophylaxis with neuraminidase inhibitors: a review

Figures & data

Figure 1 Life cycle of an influenza virus.

Abbreviations: NAI, neuraminidase inhibitor; RNA, ribonucleic acid.

Table 1 Neuraminidase inhibitor resistance mutations

Influenza type	Mutation	Low	Medium	High	Sensitive
H1N1	H274Y			O, P	Z
	Q136K			Z	O
	N70S		Z		O
	Y155H		O	Z, P
	1222V/M	O			P, Z
pdm09H1N1	H274Y			O, P	Z
	I222V		O		Z
	I222R	P, Z	O
	E119G		P	Z	O
	E119V		O, P	Z
H5N1	V116A	P	O, Z
	H274Y			O, P	Z
	E119G			P, Z	O
	D198G		O, Z		P
	N294S			O	P, Z
	S246N		O		Z
	H252Y		O		P, Z
	I222L		O		Z
	I222V		O		P, Z
	I222M/T		O		P, Z
H3N2	N294S			O	Z
	R292K		Z	O, P
	E119A/D			O, P, Z
	E119G		P	Z	O
	E119I	Z		O, P
	E119V			O	P, Z
	Q136K		Z		O
	R371K		O, Z
	D151A/D			Z	O
Influenza B	E119A/D			O, Z, P
	E119G		O, Z	P
	E119V			O, P	Z
	R371K		Z	O
	D198N			O, Z	P
	D198E	Z	O, P
	H274Y		O, P		Z
	I222T		O		Z
	R292K		O, Z	P
	N294S			O

Notes: S, Sensitive; L, Low <10 fold change compared to wildtype; M, Medium 10–100 fold change; H, High >100 fold change; O, oseltamivir; Z, zanamivir; P, peramivir. Adapted with permission from McKimm-Breschkin JL. Influenza neuraminidase inhibitors: antiviral action and mechanisms of resistance. Influenza Other Respi Viruses. John Wiley & Sons Ltd²¹ and Antiviral Res, 98(2), Samson M, Pizzorno A, Abed Y, Boivin G. Influenza virus resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors, 174–185, Copyright 2013, with permission from Elsevier.²⁸

McKimm-BreschkinJLInfluenza neuraminidase inhibitors: antiviral action and mechanisms of resistanceInfluenza Other Respi Viruses20137Suppl 12536

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SamsonMPizzornoAAbedYBoivinGInfluenza virus resistance to neuraminidase inhibitorsAntiviral Res201398217418523523943

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