Analysis of the Value of Serum Biomarker LBP in the Diagnosis of Spinal Tuberculosis

Figures & data

Figure 1 Validation of LBP protein screening in peripheral blood of normal human and STB patients.

Notes: (A) Differential protein clustering analysis graph. (B) Differential protein volcano distribution. (C) ELISA validation of differential protein LBP result analysis (***P < 0.001, the difference was statistically significant; Normal: healthy people). (D) ROC curve results of LBP in STB examination.

Abbreviations: FC, fold change; STB, spinal tuberculosis; LBP, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein; AUC, area under the curve.

Table 1 Results of GO Functional Annotation Analyses

GO Term	Description	Input Number	P value
GO:0035662	Extracellular space	16	0.001
GO:0044548	Localization	5	0.001
GO:0050544	Response to stimulus	14	0.001
GO:0050786	Biological Regulation	13	0.001
GO:0006805	Cellular process	13	0.001
GO:0006914	Locomotion	16	0.001
GO:0006919	Multi-organism process	15	0.001
GO:0032119	Multicellular organismal process	9	0.001
GO:0044057	Developmental process	9	0.001
GO:0051000	Growth	5	0.001
GO:0051493	Metabolic process	6	0.001
GO:0050729	Cell killing	1	0.001
GO:0001726	Signaling	6	0.001
GO:0016529	Cellular component organization or biogenesis	11	0.001
GO:0030017	Reproductive process	11	0.001
GO:0008017	Reproduction	10	0.001
GO:0002224	Leukocyte migration	13	0.001
GO:0030307	Cell growth	15	0.001
GO:0050832	Immune response	8	0.001

Table 2 Results of KEGG Signaling Pathway Analyses

Protein ID	Definition	P value	Signaling Pathway
P18428	Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein	0.001	NF-kappaB Toll-like receptor
P05109	Protein S100-A8	0.015	IL-17
P06702	Protein S100-A9	0.044	IL-17
P05156	Complement factor I	0.023	NF-kappaB
P01009	Alpha-1-antitrypsin	0.015	Complement and coagulation cascades
P07339	Cathepsin D	0.072	Tuberculosis
P00450	Ceruloplasmin	0.035	Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism
P18206	Vinculin	0.001	Regulation of actin cytoskeleton
A0A0J9YX35	Immunoglobulin heavy chain	0.026	PI3K-Akt
A0A0A0MS14	Immunoglobulin heavy chain	0.009	Calcium

Figure 2 Screening of LBP-related signalling pathways by KEEGG analysis.

Note: (A) LBP and TLRS-related signaling pathway, (B) LBP and NFκB-related signaling pathway.

Table 3 General Statistics of Healthy Individuals and STB Patients

Item (x±s)	Healthy Person (n=30)	STB Patients (n=100)
Age (years)	53.39±9.67	49.47±16.33
Course (days)	NA	28.88±16.07
LBP (ng/mL)	81.30±15.88	102.73±23.29
CRP (mg/L)	1.11±0.70	24.92±23.69
ESR (mm/h)	8.27±4.20	40.48±28.71
WBC (*10^9/L)	5.99±1.28	6.61±1.84
NEUT%	60.19±5.02	64.72±10.93
LYM%	23.65±7.86	24.13±9.53

Abbreviations: CRP, C-reactive protein; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; WBC, white blood cell; NEUT, neutrophilic granulocyte; LYM, lymphocyte.

Table 4 Distribution of LBP Proteins in STB Clinical Phenotypes

Item	n	LBP Value (x±s)	t-Test (t)	P
Age (years)
≤50	51	103.27±20.54	0.237	0.813
>50	49	102.16±26.05
Gender
Men	50	101.15±23.74	−0.678	0.499
Women	50	104.31±22.96
Course (days)
≤14	23	100.81±32.89	−0.450	0.654
>14	77	103.30±19.80
WBC values
Normal	91	101.66±22.61	−1.475	0.143
Abnormal	9	113.59±28.58
LYM %
Normal	67	99.83±22.11	−1.792	0.076
Abnormal	33	108.61±24.82
NEUT %
Normal	78	100.53±22.17	−1.801	0.075
Abnormal	22	110.54±25.96
ESR Values
Normal	22	83.13±24.26
Abnormal	78	108.26±19.90	−4.978	0.000
CRP Values
Normal	15	66.32±14.45
Abnormal	85	109.15±18.06	−8.696	0.000

Abbreviations: WBC, white blood cell; CRP, C-reactive protein; LYM, lymphocyte; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; NEUT%, neutrophilic granulocyte.

Table 5 Analysis of Intra-Serum LBP Protein Levels and Clinical Phenotype in STB Patients

Spearman Rho		CRP	ESR	Course	WBC	Age	NEUT%	LYM%
LBP	Correlation coefficient	0.544	0.345	0.101	0.260	0.037	0.035	−0.064
	P-value	0.000	0.000	0.317	0.009	0.713	0.732	0.530
	N	100	100	100	100	100	100	100

Note: P < 0.01, significant correlation.

Abbreviations: CRP, C-reactive protein; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; WBC, white blood cell; NEUT, neutrophilic granulocyte; LYM, lymphocyte.

Figure 3 Analysis and detection results of LBP in peripheral blood of STB patients.

Note: (A–G) are curve regression analyses of CRP, ESR, disease duration, WBC, age, NEUT%, and LYM% values correlated with measured data of LBP expression levels in STB patients.

Figure 4 ROC analysis of molecular biomarkers of LBP in peripheral blood of STB patients.

Note: (A–E) are the ROC curve analysis of LBP combined with pathology, bacterial culture, T-SPOT, imaging, and antacid staining for diagnosis of STB.