Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus, Syphilis and Associated Factors Among Female Sex Workers in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia

Figures & data

Figure 1 Geographical location of Gondar city.

Notes: City Profile Gondar (https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/CITY-PROFILE-GONDAR-Tegegne-Negewo/eaba831e362aacb2b4d25ccee7b9c936a2d8a410.

Table 1 Socio-Demographic, Behavioral Variables Among Female Sex Workers with HBV, HCV, and Syphilis at Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

Variables		Frequency N (%)	HBV (+) N (%)	HBV (-) N (%)	HCV (+) N (%)	HCV (-) N (%)	Syphilis (+) N (%)	Syphilis(-) N (%)
Age group years	18–24	74 (38.1)	5 (21.7)	69 (40.4)	7 (53.8)	67 (37.0)	3 (13.6)	71 (41.3)
	25–34	94 (48.5)	15 (65.2)	81 (46.2)	5 (38.5)	89 (49.2)	10 (45.5)	84 (48.8)
	35–44	26 (13.5)	3 (13.1)	21 (13.4)	1 (7.7)	25 (13.8)	9 (40.9)	17 (9.9)
Marital status	Single	98 (50.5)	9 (39.1)	89 (52.0)	5 (38.5)	93 (51.4)	7 (31.8)	91 (52.9)
	Married	6 (3.1)	1 (4.3)	5 (2.9)	0 (0.0)	6 (3.3)	0 (0.0)	6 (3.5)
	Divorced	65 (33.5)	9 (39.1)	56 (32.7)	6 (46.2)	59 (32.6)	11 (50.0)	54 (31.4)
	Died husband	9 (4.6)	2 (8.7)	7 (4.1)	1 (7.7)	8 (4.4)	1 (4.5)	8 (4.7)
	Separated	16 (8.2)	2 (8.7)	14 (8.2)	1 (7.7)	15 (8.3)	3 (13.6)	13 (7.6)
Educational level	Unable to read and write	48 (24.7)	9 (39.1)	39 (22.8)	4 (30.8)	44 (24.3)	9 (40.9)	39 (22.7)
	Elementary school	89 (45.9)	8 (34.8)	81 (47.4)	4 (30.8)	85 (47.0)	9 (40.9)	80 (46.5)
	Secondary school	45 (23.2)	5 (21.7)	40 (23.4)	4 (30.8)	41 (22.7)	4 (18.2)	41 (23.8)
	College and above	12 (6.2)	1 (4.3)	11 (6.4)	1 (7.7)	11 (6.1)	0 (0.0)	12 (7.0)
FSWs Service in months	6–12	14 (7.2)	2 (8.7)	12 (7.0)	0 (0.0)	14 (7.7)	1 (4.5)	13 (7.6)
	12–60	134 (69.1)	13 (56.5)	121 (70.8)	11 (84.6)	123 (68.0)	9 (40.9)	125 (72.7)
	61–120	41 (21.1)	7 (30.4)	34 (19.9)	2 (15.4)	39 (21.5)	11 (50.0)	30 (17.4)
	>120	5 (2.6)	1 (4.3)	4 (2.3)	0 (0.0)	5 (2.8)	1 (4.5)	4 (2.3)
Place of birth	Rural	72 (37.1)	8 (34.8)	64 (37.4)	6 (46.2)	66 (36.5)	7 (31.8)	65 (37.8)
	Urban	122 (62.9)	15 (65.2)	107 (62.6)	7 (53.8)	115 (63.5)	15 (68.2)	107 (62.2)
Place of obtaining customer	Home based	26 (13.4)	2 (8.7)	24 (14.0)	0 (0.0)	26 (14.4)	7 (31.8)	19 (11.0)
	Hotel Based	168 (86.6)	21 (91.3)	147 (86.0)	13 (100)	155 (85.6)	15 (68.2)	153 (89.0)
Monthly income in ETB	3000–6000	29 (14.9)	3 (13.0)	26 (15.2)	0 (0.0)	29 (16.0)	5 (22.7)	24 (14.0)
	6001–9000	50 (25.8)	6 (26.1)	44 (25.7)	2 (15.4)	48 (26.5)	4 (18.2)	46 (26.7)
	9001–12,000	61 (31.4)	6 (26.1)	55 (32.2)	5 (38.5)	56 (30.9)	4 (18.2)	57 (33.1)
	12,001–15,000	43 (22.2)	7 (30.4)	36 (21.1)	5 (38.5)	38 (21.0)	7 (31.8)	36 (20.9)
	15,001–18,000	9 (4.6)	1 (4.3)	8 (4.7)	1 (7.7)	8 (4.4)	2 (9.1)	7 (4.1)
	>18,000	2 (1.0)	0 (100)	2 (1.2)	0 (0.0)	2 (1.1)	0 (0.0)	2 (1.2)
Condom utilization during sex	Always	131 (67.5)	10 (43.5)	121 (70.8)	2 (15.4)	129 (71.3)	4 (18.2)	127 (73.8)
	Inconsistence	63 (32.5)	13 (56.5)	50 (29.2)	11 (84.6)	52 (28.7)	18 (81.8)	45 (26.2)
Condom breakage during sex	Yes	116 (59.5)	19 (82.6)	94 (55.0)	12 (92.3)	104 (57.5)	18 (81.8)	98 (57.0)
	No	81 (40.5)	4 (17.4)	77 (45.0)	1 (7.7)	77 (42.5)	4 (18.2)	74 (43.0)
Sexual direction/position	Vaginal sex only	180 (98.8)	22 (95.7)	158 (92.4)	12 (92.3)	168 (92.8)	22 (100)	158 (91.9)
	Vaginal	14 (7.2)	1 (4.3)	13 (7.6)	1 (7.7)	13 (7.2)	0 (0.0)	14 (8.1)
Drinking alcohol	Yes	163 (84)	22 (95.7)	141 (82.5)	13 (100)	150 (82.9)	17 (77.3)	146 (84.9)
	No	31(14)	1 (4.3)	30 (17.5)	0 (0.0)	31 (17.1)	5 (22.7)	26 (15.1)
Sex stimulant drug use	Yes	88 (45.4)	15 (65.2)	73 (42.7)	12 (92.3)	76 (42.0)	5 (22.7)	83 (48.3)
	No	106 (54.6)	8 (34.8)	98 (57.3)	1 (7.7)	105 (58.0)	17 (77.3)	89 (51.7)
Sharper material injury	Yes	49 (25.3)	8 (34.8)	41 (24.0)	8 (61.5)	41 (22.7)	8 (36.4)	41 (23.8)
	No	145 (74.7)	15 (65.2)	130 (76.0)	5 (38.5)	140 (77.3)	14 (63.6)	131 (76.2)
Tattoo in a body part	Yes	67 (34.5)	10 (43.5)	57 (33.3)	5 (38.5)	62 (34.3)	4 (18.2)	63 (36.6)
	No	127 (65.5)	13 (56.5)	114 (66.7)	8 (61.5)	119 (65.7)	18 (81.8)	109 (63.4)
Sex stimulant IV-drug use	Yes	12 (6.2)	2 (8.7)	10 (5.8)	3 (23.1)	9 (5.0)	1 (4.5)	11 (6.4)
	No	182 (93.8)	21 (91.3)	161 (94.2)	10 (76.9)	172 (95.0)	21 (95.5)	161 (93.6)
Having other Work	Yes	57 (29.4)	11 (47.8)	46 (26.9)	8 (61.5)	49 (27.1)	10 (45.5)	47 (27.3)
	No	137 (70.6)	12 (52.2)	125 (73.1)	5 (38.5)	132 (72.9)	12 (54.5)	125 (72.7)
Having children	Yes	81 (41.8)	7 (30.4)	74 (43.3)	9 (69.2)	72 (39.8)	17 (77.3)	64 (37.2)
	No	113 (58.2)	16 (69.6)	97 (56.7)	4 (30.8)	109 (60.2)	5 (22.7)	108 (62.8)
History of blood transfusion	Yes	21 (10.8)	2 (8.7)	19 (11.1)	3 (23.1)	18 (9.9)	3 (13.6)	18 (10.5)
	No	173 (89.2)	21 (91.3)	152 (88.9)	10 (76.9)	163 (90.1)	19 (86.4)	154 (89.5)
Sex during genital ulcer	Yes	18 (9.3)	0 (0.0)	18 (10.5)	6 (46.2)	12 (6.6)	3 (13.6)	15 (8.7)
	No	176 (90.7)	23 (100)	153 (89.5)	7 (53.8)	169 (93.4)	19 (86.4)	157 (91.3)
Sex during STIs infections	Yes	165 (85.1)	6 (26.1)	159 (93.0)	6 (46.2)	159 (87.8)	5 (22.7)	160 (93.0)
	No	29 (14.9)	17 (73.9)	12 (7.0)	7 (53.8)	22 (12.2)	17 (77.3)	12 (7.0)
Sex during menses	Yes	45 (23.2)	18 (78.3)	27 (15.8)	8 (61.5)	37 (20.4)	6 (27.3)	39 (22.7)
	No	149 (76.8)	5 (21.7)	144 (84.2)	5 (38.5)	144 (79.6)	16 (72.7)	133 (77.3)
No of sexual partners per day	1	14 (7.2)	2 (8.7)	12 (7.0)	0 (0.0)	14 (7.7)	1 (4.5)	13 (7.6)
	2–5	134 (69.1)	13 (56.5)	121 (70.8)	12 (92.3)	122 (67.4)	9 (40.9)	125 (72.7)
	> 6	46 (23.7)	8 (34.8)	38 (22.2)	1 (7.7)	45 (24.9)	12 (54.5)	34 (19.8)
Sexual abuse/harassment	Yes	26 (13.4)	8 (34.8)	18 (10.5)	4 (30.8)	22 (12.2)	4 (18.2)	22 (12.8)
	No	168 (86.6)	15 (65.2)	153 (89.5)	9 (69.2)	159 (87.8)	18 (81.8)	150 (87.2)
History of abortion	Yes	30 (15.6)	7 (30.4)	23 (13.5)	4 (30.8)	26 (14.4)	4 (18.2)	26 (15.1)
	No	164 (84.5)	16 (69.6)	148 (86.5)	9 (69.2)	155 (85.6)	18 (81.8)	146 (84.9)
Place of abortion	Health facility	13 (43.3)	2 (28.6)	11 (47.8)	2 (50.0)	11 (42.3)	1 (25.0)	12 (46.2)
	Traditionally	17 (56.7)	5 (71.4)	12 (52.2)	2 (50.0)	15 (57.7)	3 (75.0)	14 (53.8)
Knowledge on STIs	Yes	11 (5.7)	1 (4.3)	10 (5.8)	1 (7.7)	10 (5.5)	1 (4.5)	10 (5.8)
	No	183 (94.3)	22 (95.7)	161 (94.2)	12 (92.3)	171 (94.5)	21 (95.5)	162 (94.2)

Abbreviations: ETB, Ethiopian Birr; IV, Intravenous; STIs, Sexual transmitted infections.

Table 2 Bivariate and Multivariate Logistics Analysis of Hepatitis B Virus for Different Possible Risk Factors Among FSWs in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

Variables		HBV (+) N (%)	HBV (-) N (%)	COR(95% CI)	P-value	AOR(95% CI)	P-value
Condom utilization during sex	Always	10 (43.5)	121 (70.8)	1.00		1
	Inconsistently	13 (56.5)	50 (29.2)	3.15 (1.3–7.6)	0.01	1.72 (1.95–5.07)	0.03
Sex stimulant drug use	Yes	15 (65.2)	73 (42.7)	2.52 (1.01–6.25)	0.004	0.72 (0.4–5.44)	0.172
	No	8 (34.8)	98 (57.3)	1		1
History of abortions	Yes	7 (30.4)	23 (13.5)	2.8 (1.05–7.6)	0.041	2.75 (0.95.8–15)	0.063
	No	16 (69.6)	148 (86.5)	1		1
Having children	Yes	7 (30.4)	74 (43.3)	0.57 (0.24–1.47)	0.2	0.43 (0.157-	0.195
	No	16 (69.6)	97 (56.7)	1		1

Abbreviations: AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; COR, crude odds ratio.

Table 3 Bivariate and Multivariate Analysis of Different Possible Risk Factors for Hepatitis C Virus Among FSWs in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

Variables		HCV (+) N (%)	HCV (-) N (%)	COR(95% CI)	P-value	AOR(95% CI)	P-value
Condom utilization during sex	Always	2 (15.4)	129 (71.3)	1.00		1.00
	Inconsistently	11 (84.6)	52 (28.7)	13.6 (2.9–6.3)	0.001	10.51 (1.62–68.26)	0.014
Condom breakage during sex	Yes	12 (92.3)	104 (57.5)	8.9 (1.13–69.8)	0.000	5.72 (0.4–81.84)	0.199
	No	1 (7.7)	77 (42.5)	1.00		1.00
Sex stimulant drug use	Yes	12 (92.3)	76 (42.0)	16.6 (2.1–130.2)	0.008	9.4 (1.002–88.14	0.050
	No	1 (7.7)	105 (58.0)	1.00		1.00
History of abortion	Yes	4 (30.8)	26 (14.4)	3.6 (1.18–12.9)	0.026	1.18 (0.2–6.96)	0.859
	No	9 (69.2)	155 (85.6)	1.00		1.00
Tattoo in a body part	Yes	5 (38.5)	62 (34.3)	4.8 (1.41–16.14)	0.012	0.48 (0.082–2.84)	0.420
	No	8 (61.5)	119 (65.7)	1.00		1.00
Sex stimulant IV-drug use	Yes	3 (23.1)	9 (5.0)	0.2 (0.04–0.075)	0.006	15.53 (1.9–127.99)	0.011
	No	10 (76.9)	172 (95.0)	1.00		1.00
Sex during genital ulcer	Yes	6 (46.2)	12 (6.6)	12.7 (3.5–41.62)	0.000	5.72 (1.13–28.9)	0.035
	No	7 (53.8)	169 (93.4)	1.00		1.00
Sexual abuse/ harassment	Yes	4 (30.8)	22 (12.2)	4.8 (1.43–15.91)	0.011	0.81 (0.17-3.92)	0.795
	No	9 (69.2)	159 (87.8)	1.00

Abbreviations: AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; COR, crude odds ratio; IV, Intravenous.

Table 4 Bivarite and Multivariate Analysis of Syphilis for Different Possible Risk Factors Among FSWs in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

Variables		Syphilis (+) N (%)	Syphilis (-) N (%)	COR(95% CI)	P-value	AOR(95% CI)	P-value
Condom utilization during sex	Always	4 (18.2)	127 (73.8)	1.00		1.00
	Inconsistently	18 (81.8)	45 (26.2)	12.7 (4.1–39.5)	0.000	17.3 (4.55–65.6)	0.000
Condom breakage during sex	Yes	18 (81.8)	98 (57.0)	3.4 (1.10–10.4)	0.030	3.3 (0.83–13.3)	0.093
	No	4 (18.2)	74 (43.0)	1.00		1.00
Sex stimulant drug use	Yes	5 (22.7)	83 (48.3)	0.33 (0.11–0.89)	0.030	0.8 (0.018–0.349)	0.001
	No	17 (77.3)	89 (51.7)	1.00		1.00
Having children	Yes	17 (77.3)	64 (37.2)	5.74 (2.02–16.3)	0.001	4.58 (1.32–15.88)	0.016
	No	5 (22.7)	108 (62.8)	1.00		1.00

Abbreviations: AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; COR, crude odds ratio.