Lessons Learned from the Ebola Virus Disease and COVID-19 Preparedness to Respond to the Human Monkeypox Virus Outbreak in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Figures & data

Figure 1 Countries with the highest number of Monkeypox Infections. As of 30th Sept 2022, 7188 cases have been confirmed for Spain, 3625 for Germany, 3635 for the United Kingdom and 5434 for the USA. Adapted from: Mathieu E, Spooner F, Dattani S, Ritchie H, Roser M. Monkeypox. Our World in Data [Internet]; 2022. Available from: https://ourworldindata.org/monkeypox.¹⁴

Figure 2 A visual example of Monkeypox rash. The rash is in form of lesions that are the commonest sign of Monkeypox disease. These evolve in four stages; Macular (a flat lesion), Papular (an elevated lesion), Vesicular (a fluid-filled lesion) and Pustular (an inflamed, pus-filled lesion) after that, they scab and flake. Photo Credit: NHS England High consequence Infectious Diseases Network. Adapted from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Monkeypox in the US [Internet]; 2022. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/transmission.html.¹²

Figure 3 Countries with and without having reported Monkeypox infections. These data have been reported since January 1, 2022, and provide for situational awareness and are subject to change. Confirmed cases include those laboratory-confirmed as monkeypox virus (MPX) and may include cases only confirmed as orthopoxvirus. Among locations (including countries, territories, and areas) that have not historically reported MPX, several have reported sporadic cases linked to travel or imported animals before 2022. Additionally, Ghana has not historically reported MPX cases, however, the country was identified as the source of a shipment of wild mammals that subsequently led to the 2003 outbreak in the US. Adapted from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Monkeypox in the U.S; 2022. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/response/2022/world-map.html.¹⁹

Mathieu E, Spooner F, Dattani S, Ritchie H, Roser M. Monkeypox. Our World in Data [Internet]; 2022 May 24 [ cited October 2, 2022]. Available from.: https://ourworldindata.org/monkeypox.Accessed October 17, 2022

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CDC. Monkeypox in the U.S. [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2022 [ cited July 25, 2022]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/transmission.html. Accessed October 17, 2022.

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CDC. Monkeypox in the U.S. [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2022 [cited October 2, 2022]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/response/2022/world-map.html. Accessed October 17, 2022.

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