Analysis of the Distribution and Drug Resistance of Pathogens in Patients with Urinary Tract Infection in the Eastern Chongming Area of Shanghai from 2018 to 2020

Figures & data

Figure 1 Positive rate of midstream urine culture in different gender.

Table 1 Distribution and Composition of 1786 Strains of Pathogenic Bacteria

Pathogen	Strain (n)	Percentage (100%)
Gram negative	1093	61.2
Escherichia coli	519	29.1
Klebsiella pneumoniae	256	14.3
Proteus mirabilis	95	5.3
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	79	4.4
Acinetobacter baumannii	42	2.4
Enterobacter cloacae	32	1.8
Morganella morganii	22	1.2
Others*	48	2.7
Gram positive	543	30.4
Enterococcus faecium	298	16.7
Enterococcus faecalis	150	8.4
Staphylococcus haemolyticus	39	2.2
Streptococcus agalactiae	22	1.2
Others**	34	1.9
Fungus	150	8.4
Candida albicans	66	3.7
Candida glabrata	50	2.8
Candida tropicalis	23	1.3
Others***	11	0.6
Total	1786	100

Notes: The data are expressed as numbers and percentages. Other*: Serratia sp. (n = 18), Citrobacter sp. (n = 12), Serratiamarcescens (n = 8), Aeromonas hydrophila (n = 6), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n = 3), Pseudomonas putida (n = 1). Other**: Staphylococcusepidermidis (n = 17), Staphylococcus capitis (n = 11), coagulase negative Staphylococcus (n = 6). Other***: Candidakrusei (n = 6), Candidaparapsilosis (n = 5).

Figure 2 Changes in the number of the top four pathogens.

Table 2 Resistance Rate of Escherichia coli to Antibiotics

Antibacterial Drugs	2018 n (R)%	2019 n (R)%	2020 n (R)%	2018–2020 n (R)%
	n = 144	n = 156	n = 219	n = 519
Piperacillin/tazobactam	5 (3.4)	11 (7.0)	22 (10.0)^a	38 (7.3)
Ceftazidime	48 (33.9)	45 (28.9)	67 (30.5)	160 (30.8)
Cefepime	32 (22.1)	30 (19.3)	52 (23.6)	114 (22.0)
Imipenem	3 (1.9)	3 (1.8)	12 (5.4)	18 (3.5)
Bactrim	61 (42.3)	59 (38.0)	91 (41.5)	211 (40.7)
Ciprofloxacin	89 (61.8)	90 (58.0)	160 (72.9)^a,b	339 (65.3)
Gentamicin	52 (36.1)	57 (36.7)	77 (35.1)	186 (35.8)
Tobramycin	25 (17.3)	22 (14.1)	39 (17.8)	86 (16.6)
Ampicillin/Sulbactam	62 (43.0)	70 (45.1)	118 (53.8)^a	250 (48.2)
Levofloxacin	86 (59.7)	88 (56.7)	144 (65.7)	318 (61.3)
Nitrofurantoin	8 (5.3)	6 (3.7)	11 (4.8)	25 (4.8)
Ampicillin	110 (76.4)	112 (72.2)	172 (78.5)	394 (75.9)
Amikacin	7 (4.8)	4 (2.5)	5 (2.2)	16 (3.1)
Ceftriaxone	87 (60.5)	83 (53.6)	116 (53.1)	286 (55.1)
Cefotetan	5 (3.4)	7 (4.5)	15 (6.8)	27 (5.2)
Ertapenem	7 (4.8)	12 (7.7)	20 (9.1)	39 (7.5)

Notes: n, number of strains; R, drug resistance rate; ^aCompared with the drug resistance rate in 2018, P < 0.05; ^bCompared with the drug resistance rate in 2019, P < 0.05.

Table 3 Resistance Rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to Antibiotics

Antibacterial Drug	2018 n (R)%	2019 n (R)%	2020 n (R)%	2018–2020 n (R)%
	n = 70	n = 91	n = 95	n = 256
Piperacillin/tazobactam	42 (60.0)	51 (56.0)	48 (50.5)	141 (55.1)
Ceftazidime	44 (62.9)	61 (67)	51 (53.1)	156 (60.9)
Cefepime	44 (62.9)	52 (57.1)	48 (50.0)	144 (56.3)
Imipenem	34 (48.5)	43 (47.3)	40 (42.1)	117 (45.7)
Bactrim	39 (55.7)	48 (52.7)	48 (50.0)	135 (52.7)
Ciprofloxacin	47 (67.1)	64 (70.3)	60 (62.5)	171 (66.8)
Gentamicin	42 (60.0)	57 (62.6)	59 (61.5)	158 (61.7)
Tobramycin	33 (47.1)	51 (56.0)	50 (52.1)	134 (52.3)
Ampicillin/Sulbactam	49 (70)	66 (72.5)	63 (65.6)	178 (69.5)
Levofloxacin	44 (62.9)	63 (69.2)	57 (59.4)	164 (64.1)
Nitrofurantoin	40 (57.1)	53 (58.2)	55 (57.3)	148 (57.8)
Ampicillin	52 (74.3)	–	–	–
Amikacin	25 (35.7)	35 (38.5)	33 (34.4)	93 (36.3)
Ceftriaxone	50 (71.4)	67 (73.6)	61 (63.5)	178 (69.5)
Cefotetan	31 (44.3)	42 (46.2)	45 (46.9)	118 (46.1)
Ertapenem	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)

Abbreviations: n, number of strains; R, drug resistance rate; “-”, Not detected.

Table 4 Drug Resistance Rate of Enterococcus faecium to Antibiotics

Antibacterial Drug	2018 n (R)%	2019 n (R)%	2020 n (R)%	2018–2020 n (R)%
	n = 71	n = 123	n = 104	n = 298
Ciprofloxacin	64 (90.1)	113 (91.7)	93 (89.4)	270 (90.6)
Quinupristin	4 (5.6)	4 (3.3)	12 (11.5)^b	20 (6.7)
Ciprofloxacin	67 (94.4)	115 (93.5)	94 (90.4)	276 (92.6)
Norvancomycin	3 (4.2)	3 (2.4)	7 (6.7)	13 (4.4)
High concentration of streptomycin	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
High concentration of streptomycin	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Levofloxacin	62 (87.3)	112 (91.1)	93 (89.4)	267 (89.6)
Nitrofurantoin	19 (26.7)	63 (51.2)^a	54 (51.9)^a	136 (45.6)
Ampicillin	64 (90.1)	112 (91.1)	92 (88.5)	268 (89.9)
Tigecycline	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)

Notes: n, number of strains; R, drug resistance rate; ^aCompared with the drug resistance rate in 2018, P < 0.05; ^bCompared with the drug resistance rate in 2019, P < 0.05.

Table 5 Antibiotic Resistance Rate of Enterococcus faecalis to Antibiotics

Antibacterial Drug	2018 n (R)%	2019 n (R)%	2020 n (R)%	2018–2020 n (R)%
	n = 52	n = 46	n = 52	n = 150
Ciprofloxacin	38 (73.1)	28 (60.9)	34 (66.7)	100 (66.7)
Quinupristin	28 (53.9)	–	–	–
Erythromycin	43 (82.7)	39 (84.8)	37 (71.2)	119 (79.3)
Norvancomycin	1 (1.9)	1 (2.2)	0 (0)	2 (1.3)
High concentration of streptomycin	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
High concentration of Gentamicin	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Levofloxacin	38 (73.1)	28 (60.9)	34 (65.4)	100 (66.7)
Nitrofurantoin	2 (3.8)	1 (2.2)	3 (5.8)	6 (4.0)
Ampicillin	4 (7.7)	1 (2.2)	2 (3.8)	7 (4.7)
Tigecycline	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)

Abbreviations: n, number of strains; R, drug resistance rate; “-”, Not detected.