Trends of Rifampicin Resistance in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Longitudinal Analysis Based on Drug Resistance Screening in Eastern China Between 2015 and 2019

Figures & data

Table 1 Analysis of Basic Demographic Characteristics of Rifampicin-Resistant and Potentially RRTB Patients

variable		Rifampicin-Resistant Patients		Patients Undergoing DST		Rifampicin Resistance Rate (n/N, %)
		n	%	N	%
Sex	Male	2304	72.4	39,046	72.5	5.9
	Female	878	27.6	14,847	27.5	5.9
Age	0–20	143	4.5	2769	5.1	5.2
	21–40	1152	36.2	16,450	30.5	7
	41–60	1048	32.9	14,890	27.6	7
	Over 60	839	26.4	19,784	36.7	4.2
	Han	3125	98.2	52,617	97.6	5.9
	Others	57	1.8	1276	2.4	4.5
Occupation	Farmers	1391	43.7	27,795	51.6	5
	Industrial workers	519	16.3	8598	16	6
	Teachers and Students	109	3.4	1846	3.4	5.9
	Service industries	595	18.7	8082	15	7.4
	Healthcare workers	18	0.6	199	0.4	9
	Retirement and others	550	17.3	7373	13.7	7.5
Migration	Intra- province	2335	73.4	40,873	75.8	5.7
	In and out of the province	847	26.6	13,020	24.3	6.5

Figure 1 Trend of rifampicin-resistance rates in Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2019. (A). Shows the trend of rifampicin resistance rates in patients receiving initial treatment; (B). Shows the trend of rifampicin resistance rates in retreated patients.

Figure 2 Geospatial distribution of 5-year overall rifampicin resistance rates in 11 cities in Zhejiang Province. The map data of cities in Zhejiang were obtained from the aliyun website (http://datav.aliyun.com/portal/school/atlas/area_selector). The map in this article is used only for data representation and does not represent a real administrative map.

Figure 3 Epidemiological trend of rifampicin resistance rates in various cities in Zhejiang Province between 2015 and 2019.

Table 2 Analysis of Rifampicin Resistance Rate Using Different Detection Methods in Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2019

Years	Conventional Test Methods			χ2trend	P	Rapid Test Methods			χ^2trend	P	Rapid test utilization
	Rifampicin-Resistant Patients	Patients Undergoing DST	Rifampicin Resistance Rate (%)			Rifampicin-Resistant Patients	Patients Undergoing DST	Rifampicin Resistance Rate (%)
2015	522	5507	9.5	59.477	<0.001	2	6	33.3	13.4	<0.001	0.1
2016	530	6367	8.3			5	63	7.9			1
2017	581	8076	7.2			179	3705	4.8			31.4
2018	256	4307	5.9			469	10,605	4.4			71.1
2019	171	2874	5.9			467	12,383	3.8			81.2
Total	2060	27,131	7.6			1122	26,762	4.2			49.7

Table 3 Co-Resistance Analysis of RFP and OFX in Zhejiang Province from 2015 to 2019

Years	Patients Undergoing Second Line DST	OFX		OFX+RFP
		Resistant Patients	Resistance Rate (%)	Resistant Patients	Co-Resistance Rate (%)
2015	1827	116	6.3	46	2.5
2016	1834	126	6.9	62	3.4
2017	1778	138	7.8	80	4.5
2018	2085	236	11.3	191	9.2
2019	2088	249	11.9	216	10.3
Total	9612	865	9	595	6.2