Limiting and controlling carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae

Figures & data

Table 1 Outbreaks of CRKP described around the globe

Reference	Country	Year of outbreak	Number of cases	Intervention
Samra et al^Citation9	Israel	2006	90	Active surveillance for CRKP at a national level was suggested (implemented from February 2007).
Zhang et al^Citation16	People’s Republic of China	2007	28	Not available.
Souli et al^Citation17	Greece	2007–2008	50	Point prevalence survey of environmental colonization of CRKP conducted in ICU. Infection control measures were intensified throughout the hospital. Dedicated infection control personnel to ensure hand hygiene, contact isolation, environmental cleaning. Cohorting of colonized or infected patients when possible. Carbapenem restriction enforced.
Gregory et al^Citation13	Puerto Rico	2008	26	Active surveillance for CRKP colonization, cohorting of CRKP patients.
Lopez et al^Citation14	Colombia	2008	84	Investigation for source patient. Isolation, barrier precautions, surveillance cultures for all ICU patients.
Wiener-Well et al^Citation10	Israel	2009	16	Point prevalence survey. Oral, perianal, and rectal swabs obtained from all hospitalized patients.
Carbonne et al^Citation18	France	2009	13	Limiting transfer of cases and contact patients to other wards. Cohorting separately cases and contact patients. Reinforcing hand hygiene and contact precautions. Systematic screening of contact patients.
Robustillo Rodela et al^Citation3	Spain	2009	7	Stool surveillance cultures from patients and staff. Hand swabs taken from staff and patients’ relatives. Environmental samples. Patients placed in single rooms under contact precautions and daily washing with 4% chlorhexidine soap. Alcohol-based disinfectant used on surfaces.
Steinmann et al^Citation4	Germany	2010	7	Cases were isolated in single-bedrooms with strict contact precautions. Barrier nursing. Contact precautions also for patients who shared a room with a case. Weekly surveillance cultures from all ICU patients and for patients who moved wards during hospitalization. Environmental investigation.
Balkhy et al^Citation11	Saudi Arabia	2010	20	Strict contact isolation, intensifying hand hygiene compliance, CRKP active surveillance, staff education.

Abbreviations: CRKP, carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae; ICU, intensive care unit.

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