Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of uropathogens from pregnant women with urinary tract infection in Abakaliki, Nigeria

Figures & data

Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of pregnant women with urinary tract infection

Variables	Numbers (n = 252)	Percentages (%)
Age (years)
<20	9	3.6
20–29	156	61.9
30–39	83	32.9
≥40	4	1.6
Marital status
Single	6	2.4
Married	246	97.6
Social class
I	75	29.8
II	55	21.8
III	54	21.4
IV	51	20.2
V	17	6.7
Religion
Protestants	51	20.2
Pentecostals	79	31.3
Roman Catholics	120	47.6
Muslims	2	0.8
Parity
Primigravida	96	38.1
Primipara	81	32.2
Multipara	21	8.3
Grandmultipara	54	21.4
Gestational age
First trimester	34	13.5
Second trimester	86	34.1
Third trimester	132	52.4

Note: Social class levels are determined by adding together male (1 for professionals, 2 for skilled worker or middle level, 3 for unskilled worker) and female (0 for tertiary school, 1 for secondary school, 2 for no formal education or primary school) scores.

Table 2 Organisms isolated from pregnant women with urinary tract infection

Organisms	Numbers (n = 252)	Percentages (%)
Escherichia coli	128	50.8
Staphylococcus aureus	52	20.6
Proteus mirabilis	24	9.5
Staphylococcus saprophyticus	18	7.1
Streptcoccus spp.	14	5.6
Citrobacter spp.	5	2.0
Klebsiella spp.	4	1.6
Enterobacter spp.	4	1.6
Pseudomonas spp.	3	1.2

Figure 1 Pie chart showing uropathogens isolated from pregnant women with urinary tract infection.

Table 3 Overall antibiotic sensitivity pattern (irrespective of bacterial isolates) to the isolated organisms

Antibiotic	Frequency	Percentages (%)
		Sa	Rb
Levofloxacin	233	92.5	7.5
Cefpodoxime	220	87.3	12.7
Ofloxacin	195	77.4	22.6
Ciprofloxacin	163	64.7	35.3
Ceftriaxone	163	64.7	35.3
Gentamycin	128	50.8	49.2
Streptomycin	96	38.1	61.9
Nitrofurantoin	85	33.7	66.3
Nalidixic acid	54	21.4	78.6
Chloramphenicol	50	19.8	80.2
Tetracycline	40	15.9	84.1
Amp/clox	25	10.0	90.0
Cloxacillin	11	4.4	95.6
Amoxicillin	3	1.2	98.8
Cotrimoxazole	1	0.4	99.6

Notes:

a ‘S’ refers to the percentage of organisms that are sensitive

b ‘R’ refers to the percentage of organisms that are resistant to the drug.

Abbreviation: Amp/clox, ampicillin cloxacillin combination.

Figure 2 Line graph showing antibiotic sensitivity pattern of uropathogens with drugs that showed overall sensitivity pattern of ≥50%.

Table 4 Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the isolated organisms

Organisms drugs	E. coli N (%)	S. aureus N (%)	P. mirabilis N (%)	S. saprophyticus N (%)	Streptococcus spp. N (%)	Citrobacter spp. N (%)	Klebsiella spp. N (%)	Enterobacter spp. N (%)	Pseudomonas spp. N (%)
Levofloxacin	119 (93.0)	46 (88.5)	23 (95.8)	16 (88.9)	14 (100)	4 (80)	4 (100)	4 (100)	3 (100)
Cefpodoxime	113 (88.3)	47 (90.4)	19 (79.2)	16 (88.9)	11 (78.6)	4 (80)	4 (100)	3 (75)	3 (100)
Ofloxacin	98 (76.6)	43 (82.7)	16 (66.7)	14 (77.8)	12 (85.7)	5 (100)	3 (75)	3 (75)	1 (33.3)
Ciprofloxacin	87 (68.0)	39 (75)	12 (50)	8 (44.4)	9 (64.3)	3 (60)	3 (75)	2 (50)	1 (33.3)
Ceftriaxone	80 (62.5)	35 (67.3)	19 (79.2)	9 (50)	8 (57.1)	4 (80)	4 (100)	2 (50)	2 (66.7)
Gentamycin	57 (44.5)	30 (57.7)	13 (54.2)	10 (55.6)	9 (64.3)	3 (60)	3 (75)	3 (75)	0
Streptomycin	48 (37.5)	26 (50)	6 (25)	4 (22.2)	5 (35.7)	2 (40)	4 (100)	0	2 (66.7)
Nitrofurantoin	27 (21.1)	30 (57.7)	13 (54.2)	5 (27.8)	6 (42.9)	2 (40)	1 (25)	1 (25)	0
Nalidixic acid	16 (12.5)	20 (38.5)	5 (20.8)	4 (22.2)	5 (36.7)	1 (20)	1 (25)	2 (50)	0
Chloramphenicol	37 (28.9)	6 (11.5)	4 (16.7)	1 (5.6)	0	2 (40)	0	0	0
Tetracycline	2 (1.6)	11 (21.2)	1 (4.2)	1 (5.6)	3 (21.4)	2 (40)	0	1 (25)	0
Ampicillin/cloxacillin	6 (4.7)	7 (13.5)	4 (16.7)	0	2 (14.3)	0	0	0	0
Cloxacillin	6 (4.7)	3 (5.8)	1 (4.2)	0	1 (7.1)	0	0	0	0
Amoxicillin	1 (0.8)	0 (0)	4 (16.7)	1 (5.6)	0	0	0	0	0
Cotrimoxazole	1 (0.8)	0 (0)	1 (4.2)	0	0	0	0	0	0

Figure 3 Bar graph showing antibiotic sensitivity pattern of uropathogens with drugs that showed individual sensitivity pattern of ≥50%.