Traditional and new strategies in the primary prevention of eating disorders: a comparative study in Spanish adolescents

Figures & data

Table 1 Perceived stress at the two assessment points

	Intervention group		Control group
	Before	After	Before	After
PSQ-G	63.89 ± 9.39	63.56 ± 7.51	63.80 ± 7.92	63.40 ± 8.49
PSQ-R	63.70 ± 9.75	63.99 ± 9.88	65.21 ± 8.34	65.84 ± 9.60

Abbreviations: PSQ-G, Perceived Stress Questionnaire-general form; PSQ-R, Perceived Stress Questionnaire-recent form.

Figure 1 Organization of the study.

Table 2 Characteristics of the study participants

Variable	Intervention group (n = 186)				Control group (n = 185)
	M	SD	n	%	M	SD	n	%
Age	14.72	1.95			14.99	1.80
Sex
Male			101	54.30			99	53.51
Female			85	45.70			86	46.49
Educational level
Secondary			123	66.12			115	62.16
Four-year groups
High school			63	33.88			70	37.84
BMI			21.29	3.64			21.55	3.48

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SD, standard deviation.

Table 3 Pre- and postintervention differences by gender

	Intervention group 1
	Girls		Boys
	Pre	Post	Pre	Post
EDI-2 subscales
DT	3.95 ± 2.67	2.01 ± 1.65**	2.35 ± 2.08	1.92 ± 1.44
BD	5.92 ± 4.02	3.32 ± 3.25**	4.29 ± 3.26	2.67 ± 2.58*
CIMEC and subscales
IIM	1.32 ± 1.06	0.92 ± 0.84*	1.20 ± 0.87	0.95 ± 0.67
FI	1.43 ± 1.01	0.89 ± 0.67**	1.04 ± 0.88	0.58 ± 0.47**
II	3.25 ± 2.07	2.00 ± 1.52**	3.16 ± 2.42	2.67 ± 2.45
IA	2.23 ± 2.04	1.13 ± 0.98**	1.27 ± 1.18	0.58 ± 0.49**
CIMEC	17.22 ± 8.30	11.41 ± 6.27**	15.22 ± 8.21	13.98 ± 7.29
Self-esteem scale
	30.77 ± 4.89	33.19 ± 4.95**	31.04 ± 5.10	31.91 ± 5.04
CSI subscales
SC	5.34 ± 4.14	3.11 ± 2.80**	7.45 ± 5.33	4.47 ± 2.83**
WT	13.14 ± 5.29	13.03 ± 4.84	11.42 ± 4.93	9.64 ± 4.78*
SW	5.77 ± 4.74	4.17 ± 3.24*	6.26 ± 4.27	7.04 ± 4.54
PE	2.80 ± 1.30	3.30 ± 0.66**	2.51 ± 1.33	3.01 ± 0.55*
Intake
Lipids	83.92 ± 34.50	95.28 ± 30.26*	91.98 ± 33.16	92.57 ± 41.21
MUFA	37.10 ± 16.19	44.92 ± 14.92**	42.33 ± 16.80	45.73 ± 22.02
PUFA	8.20 ± 4.53	10.85 ± 4.36**	9.58 ± 4.97	9.10 ± 4.27
Vitamin B12	3.46 ± 2.61	6.14 ± 5.09**	3.45 ± 2.00	5.14 ± 2.35
Vitamin C	85.50 ± 60.70	117.18 ± 82.90**	91.39 ± 67.05	90.19 ± 67.69
Vitamin E	5.34 ± 2.71	7.61 ± 3.02**	5.95 ± 3.64	6.34 ± 3.88
Vitamin A	650.25 ± 345.54	858.70 ± 617.73*	650.61 ± 362.36	672.01 ± 504.48

* Notes: P < 0.05;

** P < 0.01.

Abbreviations: DT, drive for thinness; BD, body dissatisfaction; IIM, influence of ideal models; FI, family influences; II, interpersonal influences; IA, influence of advertising; SC, self-criticism; WT, wishful thinking; SW, social withdrawal; PE, perceived efficacy; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; EDI-2, Eating Disorders Inventory-2, CIMEC, Questionnaire of Influences on Body Shape model; CSI, Coping Strategies Inventory.

Table 4 Pre- and postdifferences by gender in the control group

	Control group 1
	Girls		Boys
	Pre	Post	Pre	Post
EDI-2 subscales
DT	4.38 ± 3.32	3.88 ± 2.97	2.38 ± 2.31	2.41 ± 1.77
BD	5.38 ± 3.99	5.02 ± 3.25	4.02 ± 3.12	4.10 ± 2.88
CIMEC and subscales
IIM	1.19 ± 1.03	1.00 ± 0.97	1.12 ± 0.91	1.00 ± 0.84
FI	1.57 ± 1.05	1.24 ± 0.93	1.08 ± 0.87	0.97 ± 0.89
II	4.21 ± 2.97	3.21 ± 2.03*	2.84 ± 1.75	2.57 ± 1.97
IA	2.28 ± 1.12	2.19 ± 0.78	2.29 ± 1.74	2.17 ± 1.60
CIMEC	17.47 ± 9.20	17.07 ± 6.89	14.37 ± 8.05	13.65 ± 7.08
Self-esteem scale
	31.20 ± 4.23	31.07 ± 4.57	31.92 ± 4.89	32.02 ± 5.12
CSI subscales
SC	5.46 ± 4.02	4.98 ± 3.12	6.43 ± 5.38	6.44 ± 5.39
WT	13.42 ± 4.71	13.91 ± 4.98	12.76 ± 5.19	11.46 ± 5.11
SW	5.58 ± 4.53	5.33 ± 4.02	5.51 ± 4.44	5.42 ± 4.23
PE	2.51 ± 1.31	2.62 ± 1.22	2.33 ± 1.38	2.38 ± 1.42
Intake
Lipids	93.06 ± 38.82	94.18 ± 36.27	96.03 ± 29.29	97.43 ± 28.52
MUFA	36.45 ± 17.34	36.98 ± 15.76	43.75 ± 14.58	44.16 ± 14.85
PUFA	8.91 ± 4.59	9.11 ± 4.45	11.29 ± 6.16	11.00 ± 4.42
Vitamin B12	3.61 ± 3.06	3.36 ± 3.13	4.47 ± 2.35	4.30 ± 3.30
Vitamin C	83.23 ± 64.12	93.34 ± 81.08*	97.34 ± 67.05	99.39 ± 65.69
Vitamin E	5.61 ± 2.79	5.92 ± 3.13	6.85 ± 3.95	6.71 ± 3.50
Vitamin A	648.89 ± 348.98	647.96 ± 366.76*	642.61 ± 361.09	648.13 ± 443.57

* Note: P < 0.05.

Abbreviations: DT, drive for thinness; BD, body dissatisfaction; IIM, influence of ideal models; FI, family influences; II, interpersonal influences; IA: influence of advertising, SC, self-criticism; WT, wishful thinking; SW, social withdrawal; PE, perceived efficacy; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; EDI-2, Eating Disorders Inventory-2, CIMEC, Questionnaire of Influences on Body Shape model; CSI, Coping Strategies Inventory.