Perception Toward Quarantine for COVID-19 Among Adult Residents of Selected Towns in Southwest Ethiopia

Figures & data

Table 1 Sociodemographic Characteristics of Adult Residents of Selected Towns of Southwest Ethiopia, June 2020

Variables	Categories	Frequency	Percent
Sex	Male	450	55.1
	Female	366	44.9
Religion	Orthodox	447	54.8
	Protestant	197	24.1
	Muslim	168	20.6
	Catholic	4	0.5
Marital status	Single	189	23.2
	Married	576	70.6
	Divorced and widowed	51	6.3
Educational status	No education	88	10.8
	Primary education	204	25.0
	Secondary education	255	31.3
	Above secondary	269	33.0
Ethnic background	Bench	129	15.8
	Amhara	253	31.0
	Kaffa	312	38.2
	Shekacho	71	8.7
	Others^a	51	6.3
Occupation	Housewife	119	14.6
	Merchant	219	26.8
	Government employee	237	29.0
	Farmer	51	6.3
	Students	106	13.0
	Daily Labor	84	10.3
Living arrangement	Live alone	139	17.0
	Live with one or more person	677	83.0
Presence radio/TV	Yes	727	89.1
	No	89	10.9

Notes: ^aWolayita, Oromo, Silt'e, Sheko, Anuak.

Figure 1 Sources of information about COVID-19 among adult residents of selected towns of Southwest Ethiopia, June 2020.

Table 2 Knowledge of COVID-19 Among Adult Residents of Selected Towns of Southwest Ethiopia, June 2020

S.NO	Questions	Correct Answer F (%)	Incorrect Answer F (%)
Can you tell me what you know about the symptoms of or how you might know you have coronavirus?
	No known symptoms	5 (0.6)	811 (99.4)
	Headache	428 (52.5)	388 (47.5)
	Dry cough	592 (72.5)	224 (27.5)
	Difficult of breathing	307 (37.6)	509 (62.4)
	Sore throat	403 (49.4)	413 (50.6)
How does the coronavirus spread/transmitted?
	Through blood transfusion	806 (98.8)	10 (1.2)
	Droplets from infected people	525 (64.3)	291 (35.7)
	Direct contact with infected people	680 (83.3)	136 (16.7)
	Touching contaminated objects/surfaces	438 (53.7)	378 (46.3)
	Contact with contaminated animals	192 (23.5)	624 (76.5)
	Mosquito bites	–	816 (100.0)
	Eating contaminated food	22 (2.7)	794 (97.3)
How could coronavirus be prevented?
	Has no known preventive method	765 (93.8)	51 (6.3)
	Proper washing hand with soap and water/sanitizer	653 (80.0)	163 (20.0)
	Not touching the eye, nose by unwashed hands	284 (34.8)	532 (65.2)
	Avoid going to crowded places	401 (49.1)	415 (50.9)
	Wearing masks	528 (64.7)	288 (35.3)
	Do not shake hands	393 (48.2)	423 (51.8)
	Stay home unless urgent	227 (27.8)	589 (72.2)
	Quarantine, if contact with infected person	77 (9.4)	739 (90.6)
	Isolation, if infected	36 (4.4)	780 (95.6)

Table 3 Knowledge of Quarantine and Perception of Quarantine Among Adult Residents of Selected Towns of Southwest Ethiopia, June 2020

Statements	Correct Answers F (%)	In Correct Answers F (%)
Quarantine is where COVID-19 infected people live	371 (45.5)	445 (54.5)
Quarantine is where people with contact history live	474 (58.1)	342 (41.9)
Quarantine is where COVID-19 infected patients treated	742 (90.9)	74 (9.1)
Quarantine is for those from countries of coronavirus case	422 (51.7)	394 (48.3)
Quarantine is important to protect oneself from coronavirus	208 (25.5)	608 (74.5)
Quarantine is important to protect households from coronavirus	513 (62.9)	303 (37.1)
Quarantine is important to protect communityfrom coronavirus	429 (52.6)	387 (47.4)
How long people stay in quarantine	626 (76.7)	190 (23.3)

Table 4 Comparison of Mean Score of Perception of Quarantine Among Different Explanatory Variables Among Adult Residents of Selected Towns of South West Ethiopia, June 2020

Variable	Category	Mean (SD)	F test/t-test	p-value
Sex	Male	55.69 (5.54)	t=0.18, df=741.5	0.073
	Female	55.62 (6.17)
Training of COVID-19	No	55.54 (5.80)	t=−2.64, df=814	0.008
	Yes	58.03 (6.10)
Marital status	Single	55.99 (6.81)	F3,812=6.41	<0.001
	Married	55.66 (5.48)
	Divorced	56.32 (4.54)
	Widowed	48.85 (5.06)
Age group	<20	54.70 (6.85)	F4,811=1.17	0.33
	20–29	55.75 (6.14)
	30–39	56.11 (5.41)
	40–49	54.98 (5.68)
	≥50	55.76 (5.25)
Religion	Orthodox	55.82 (5.75)	F3,812=5.31	0.001
	Protestant	55.08 (6.03)
	Muslim	56.17 (5.65)
	Catholic	45.50 (0.58)
Educational status	No education	52.82 (4.86)	F3,812=17.31	<0.001
	Primary	54.25 (6.28)
	Secondary	56.64 (5.64)
	Above secondary	56.72 (5.43)
Occupational status	Housewife	54.18 (5.34)	F5,812=9.46,	<0.001
	Merchant	56.52 (5.63)
	Government employee	56.96 (5.28)
	Farmer	52.98 (6.99)
	Students	55.51 (6.49)
	Daily labor	53.67 (5.44)

Table 5 Factors Associated with Perception of Quarantine Among Adult Residents of Selected Towns in Southwest Ethiopia, June, 2020

Variables	β Coefficients	p-value	95%CI for β
			Lower Bound	Upper Bound
Constant	45.72	<0.001	42.48	48.96
Age	0.02	0.49	−0.03	0.06
Sex	0.11	0.82	−0.83	1.04
Presence of radio/TV	0.13	0.85	−1.22	1.48
Having training on COVID-19	2.76	0.005	0.84	4.69
No education	RG
Primary education	0.97	0.220	−0.58	2.52
Secondary education	2.73	0.001	1.17	4.29
Above secondary education	2.24	0.011	0.51	3.98
Single	RG
Married	−0.05	0.936	−1.28	1.18
Divorced	−1.36	0.185	−3.38	0.65
Housewife	RG
Merchant	1.73	0.020	0.27	3.20
Government employee	1.43	0.097	−0.26	3.11
Farmer	−0.67	0.516	−2.69	1.36
Students	0.74	0.453	−1.19	2.68
Daily labor	−0.59	0.517	−2.36	1.19
Knowledge of COVID-19	0.23	0.001	0.09	0.36
Knowledge of quarantine	0.59	< 0.001	0.35	0.83

Table 6 A Frequency Table Showing Perception Toward Quarantine Among Adult Residents of Selected Towns of Southwest Ethiopia, June 2020

Statements	Disagree and Strongly Disagree F (%)	Neutral F (%)	Agree and Strongly Agree F (%)
Quarantines is the best way to stop spread of coronavirus COVID-19	55 (6.7)	27 (3.3)	734 (90.0)
If I go into quarantine, my family/friends/community will be protected from becoming sick	49 (6.0)	40 (4.9)	727 (89.1)
Staying in quarantine makes me afraid/panic	626 (76.7)	49 (6.0)	141 (17.3)
People may stigmatize quarantined individual upon discharge from quarantine	155 (19.0)	65 (8.0)	596 (73.0)
I think there is not enough food and water in quarantine	544 (66.7)	87 (10.7)	185 (22.7)
Quarantine place in not convenient for living	592 (72.5)	77 (9.4)	147 (18.0)
Quarantines expose individuals to infection	557 (68.3)	87 (10.7)	172 (21.1)
Government should have the power to order people into quarantine during outbreaks	66 (8.1)	56 (6.9)	694 (85.0)
If someone is given a quarantine order by Public Health, they should follow it no matter what else is going on in their life at work or home	58 (7.1)	56 (6.9)	702 (86.0)
People who break quarantine orders on purpose should face legal penalties like a fine or jail	50 (6.1)	195 (23.9)	571 (70.0)
Public Health should ensure that there is no discrimination in the use of quarantine	77 (9.4)	165 (20.2)	574 (70.3)
It is reasonable for some rights to be taken away during an infectious disease outbreak	46 (5.6)	173 (21.2)	597 (73.2)
For me staying quarantine for 15 days is useful	69 (8.5)	62 (7.6)	685 (83.9)
For me staying quarantine for 15 days is difficult	461 (56.5)	74 (9.1)	281 (34.4)
I will stay in quarantine if I am advised to do so	122 (15.0)	55 (6.7)	639 (78.3)
Overall mean score	3.48 (SD: 0.36)

Abbreviation: F (%), frequency (percent).