Do Checklist-Induced Behavioral Changes Improve Self-Confidence in Fundoscopic Examination? A Mixed-Methods Study

Figures & data

Figure 1 The design flow of this study.

Abbreviations: QUAN/quan, quantitative survey; qual, qualitative survey; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale.

Figure 2 Participants flow.

Table 1 Baseline Characteristics

Baseline of Participants (n=15)	n	(%)
Male	10	(67)
Right-handed	15	(100)
Owns fundoscope	4	(26)
	Median	(Q1, Q3)
Age (years)	29	27, 33
Time post-graduation (years)	3	3, 6

Table 2 Changes in Attitude Toward the Fundoscopy

Survey Item (n=15)	VAS (mm, 0–10), Mean(SD)				p value
	Phase 1		Phase 2
Are you confident in the procedure?	1.9	(1.2)	4.7	(2.4)	<0.001
Do you feel it is indispensable for diagnosis?	4.3	(2.5)	5.4	(2.6)	0.096
Do you feel it is indispensable in the management of chronic diseases?	5.4	(2.6)	5.7	(2.6)	0.34
Do you think it will benefit the patient?	5.4	(2.3)	5.9	(2.9)	0.18
Do you wish to teach this procedure to subordinates and students?	5.1	(2.6)	6.3	(2.7)	0.028

Abbreviation: VAS, Visual Analogue Scale.

Figure 3 Conceptual diagram of categories.

Notes: The blue letters are the concept heard more often before the intervention. The red letters are the concept heard more often after the intervention. The arrows show the relationships that affect one side to the other.