The Long-Term Survival of Successfully Weaned Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation Patients

Figures & data

Table 1 Comparison of Clinical Variables and Tracheostomy Between Ward Mortality Patients and Discharged PMV Patients

	Ward Mortality Patients (No=86)	Discharged PMV Patients (No=157)	P	OR
Tracheostomy, No	4(4.65%)	29(18.47%)	0.005	4.645
Age Groups, No
Age <45 Y/O, No	3(3.49%)	4(2.55%)	0.676	0.723
Age 45–54 Y/O, No	6(6.98%)	14(8.92%)	0.600	1.305
Age 55–64 Y/O, No	7(8.14%)	22(14.01%)	0.182	1.839
Age 65–74 Y/O, No	22(25.58%)	36(22.93%)	0.643	0.866
Age 75–84 Y/O, No	34(39.53)	51(32.48%)	0.271	0.736
Age ≥85 Y/O, No	14(16.28%)	30(19.11%)	0.584	1.215
Causes of respiratory failure led to PMV, No
Pneumonia, No	31(36.04%)	65(41.4%)	0.415	1.254
Intracranial hemorrhage, No	20(23.26%)	31(19.75%)	0.521	0.812
Sepsis, No	10(11.63%)	11(7.01%)	0.225	0.573
COPD, No	2(2.33%)	7(4.46%)	0.408	1.960
Cardiac disease, No	6(6.98%)	8(5.1%)	0.549	0.761
Malignant patients, No	2(2.33%)	3(1.91%)	0.828	0.818
Post operation, No	3(3.49%)	12(7.64%)	0.209	2.290
Cervical spine diseases, No	0(0%)	3(1.91%)	0.554	0.981
Post-CPCR, No	2(2.33%)	2(1.27%)	0.544	0.542
Cerebral infarction, No	3(3.49%)	3(1.91%)	0.455	0.539
Comorbidity, No
Cardiovascular disease, No	58(67.44%)	100(63.7%)	0.558	0.847
Chronic lung disease, No	13(15.12%)	36(22.93%)	0.149	1.671
Chronic kidney disease, No	16(18.6%)	16(10.19%)	0.067	0.496
End-stage renal disease (requiring dialysis), No	12(13.95%)	9(5.73%)	0.034	0.375
Neurologic disease, No	27(31.4%)	52(33.12%)	0.517	1.208
Metabolic disease, No	39(45.35%)	56(35.67%)	0.140	0.668
Malignant diseases, No	15(17.44%)	16(10.19%)	0.109	0.537
Zero comorbidities, No	4(4.65%)	19(12.1%)	0.067	2.822
One comorbidity, No	25(29.07%)	33(21.02%)	0.161	0.649
Two comorbidities, No s	27(31.4%)	53(33.76%)	0.708	1.114
Three comorbidities, No	14(16.28%)	40(25.48%)	0.102	1.758
≥Four comorbidities, No	16(18.6%)	12(7.64%)	0.013	0.362

Abbreviations: No, number; Y/O, years old; PMV, prolonged mechanical ventilation; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CPCR, cardiopulmonary-cerebral resuscitation.

Table 2 Comparison of Clinical Variables and Tracheostomy Between Discharged PMV Patients Who Survived <1 Year and Those Who Survived ≥1 Year

	< 1 Year (No=78)	≥1 Year (No=79)	P	OR
Tracheostomy, No	9(11.54%)	20(25.32%)	0.030	2.599
Age Groups, No
Age <45 Y/O, No	0(0%)	4(5.06%)	0.120	1.053
Age 45–54 Y/O, No	2(2.56%)	12(15.19%)	0.014	6.806
Age 55–64 Y/O, No	5(6.41%)	17(21.52%)	0.010	4.003
Age 65–74 Y/O, No	18(23.08%)	18(22.79%)	0.965	0.984
Age 75–84 Y/O, No	30(38.46%)	21(26.58%)	0.114	0.579
Age ≥85 Y/O, No	23(29.49%)	7(8.86%)	0.002	0.232
Causes of respiratory failure Led to PMV, No
Pneumonia, No	38(48.72%)	27(34.18%)	0.066	0.547
Intracranial hemorrhage, No	9(11.54%)	22(27.85%)	0.012	2.959
Sepsis, No	6(7.69%)	5(6.33%)	0.738	0.811
COPD, No	4(5.13%)	3(3.8%)	0.687	0.730
Cardiac disease, No	6(7.69%)	2(2.53%)	0.162	0.312
Malignant patients, No	3(3.85%)	0(0%)	0.120	0.962
Post operation, No	5(6.41%)	7(8.86%)	0.565	1.419
C-spine diseases, No	1(1.28%)	2(2.53%)	0.575	2.000
Post-CPCR, No	0(0%)	2(2.53%)	0.497	1.026
Cerebral infarction, No	0(0%)	3(3.8%)	0.245	1.039
Comorbidity, No
Cardiovascular disease, No	56(71.79%)	44(55.7%)	0.037	0.494
Chronic lung disease, No	20(25.64%)	16(20.25%)	0.432	0.737
Chronic kidney disease, No	12(15.38%)	4(5.06%)	0.041	0.293
End-stage renal disease (requiring dialysis), No	6(7.69%)	3(3.8%)	0.303	0.474
Neurologic disease,	29(37.18%)	23(29.11%)	0.284	0.694
Metabolic disease, No	31(39.74%)	25(31.65%)	0.290	0.702
Malignant diseases, No	10(12.82%)	6(7.59%)	0.284	0.559
No comorbidity, No	3(3.85%)	16(20.25%)	0.005	6.349
One comorbidity, No	15(19.23%)	18(22.79%)	0.585	1.239
Two comorbidities, No	28(35.9%)	25(31.64%)	0.573	0.827
Three comorbidities, No	22(28.2%)	18(22.79%)	0.436	0.751
≥Four comorbidities, No	10(12.82%)	2(2.53%)	0.029	0.177

Abbreviations: No, number; Y/O, years old; PMV, prolonged mechanical ventilation; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CPCR, cardiopulmonary-cerebral resuscitation.

Figure 1 The 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-year survival rates of successfully weaned prolonged mechanical ventilation patients were 32.5%, 28.0%, 24.9%, 23.9%, and 21.3%, respectively. The median survival time was four months.

Table 3 The Difference in Clinical Variables and Tracheostomy Between Ward Mortality Patients and Discharged PMV Patients

	Odds Ratios	95% Confidence	P
Univariate analysis
ESRD comorbidity	0.375	0.151–0.930	0.034
≥ Four comorbidities	0.362	0.163–0.807	0.013
Tracheostomy	4.645	1.575–13.687	0.005
Multivariate analysis*
ESRD comorbidity	0.335	0.125–0.898	0.030
≥ Four comorbidities	0.353	0.151–0.824	0.016
Tracheostomy	6.310	1.955–20.359	0.002

Note: *The factors show the P-value< 0.05 of univariate analysis and enter the multivariate analysis.

Abbreviations: PMV, prolonged mechanical ventilation; ESRD, end-stage renal disease.

Table 4 The Difference in Clinical Variables and Tracheostomy Between Discharged PMV patients Who Survived <1 Year and Those Who Survived ≥1 Year

	Odds Ratios	95% Confidence	P
Univariate analysis
Age ≥85 years	0.232	0.093–0.581	0.002
Intracranial hemorrhage	2.959	1.263–6.931	0.012
CV comorbidity	0.494	0.254–0.959	0.037
CKD comorbidity	0.293	0.090–0.954	0.041
Zero comorbidities	6.349	1.769–22.786	0.005
≥ Four comorbidities	0.177	0.037–0.835	0.029
Tracheostomy	2.599	1.100–6.142	0.030
Multivariate analysis*
Age ≥85 years	0.028	0.084–0.616	0.004
Zero comorbidity	5.203	1.127–24.028	0.035
≥ Four comorbidities	0.099	0.016–0.608	0.013
Tracheostomy	4.439	1.551–12.701	0.005

Note: *The factors show the P-value< 0.05 of univariate analysis and enter the multivariate analysis.

Abbreviations: PMV, prolonged mechanical ventilation; CV, cardiovascular disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease.