Predictable Risk Factors of Upper-Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis in a Level I Trauma Center

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic characteristics and comorbidities of cases

Characteristic/Comorbidity	DVT, n (%)	No DVT, n (%)	Significance
Sex
Female	87 (49.2%)	468 (56.3%)	p<0.85
Male	90 (50.8%)	364 (43.8%)
Procedure type
Bilateral	10 (5.6%)	13 (1.6%)	p<0.004
Left	94 (53.1%)	447 (53.7%)
Right	73 (41.2%)	372 (44.7%)
Race
White	78 (44.1%)	418 (50.2%)	p<0.677
Black/African American	57 (32.2%)	224 (26.9%)
Hispanic/Latino	30 (16.9%)	133 (16.0%)
Other	12 (6.8%)	57 (6.9%)
Encounter type
Inpatient	144 (81.4%)	531 (63.8%)	p<0.001
Outpatient	33 (18.6%)	301 (36.2%)
Central venous catheter use
Yes	38 (26.8%)	104 (12.5%)	p<0.002
No	139 (78.5%)	728 (87.5%)
PICC use
Yes	31 (17.5%)	56 (6.7%)	p<0.001
No	146 (82.5%)	776 (93.3%)
Pacemaker/CID
Yes	20 (11.3%)	68 (8.2%)	p<0.181
No	157 (88.7%)	764 (91.8%)
Hypertension
Yes	120 (67.8%)	475 (57.1%)	p<0.001
No	51 (28.8%)	357 (42.9%)
Diabetes mellitus
Yes	59 (33.3%)	265 (31.9%)	p<0.701
No	118 (66.7%)	567 (68.1%)
Heart Disease
Yes	82 (46.3%)	347 (41.7%)	p<0.259
No	95 (53.7%)	485 (58.3%)
Thrombophilia
Yes	27 (15.3%)	94 (11.3%)	p<0.307
No	150 (84.7%)	738 (88.7%)
Malignancy
Yes	48 (27.1%)	159 (19.1%)	p<0.053
No	132 (74.6%)	673 (80.9%)
Pulmonary disease
Yes	61 (34.5%)	274 (32.9%)	p<0.695
No	116 (65.5%)	558 (67.1%)
Chronic kidney disease
Yes	61 (34.5%)	173 (20.8%)	p<0.001
No	116 (65.5%)	659 (79.2%)

Table 2 Comorbidities significantly correlated with UEDVT diagnosis

Significantly correlated factor	R^a	OR^b	CI^c	aOR	aCI^c
CVC use	0.098	1.914	1.266–2.894	1.770	1.150–2.725
PICC line	0.146	2.942	1.833–4.722	3.254	1.997–5.304
Hypertension	0.109	1.857	1.304–2.643	1.641	1.136–2.369
CKD	0.123	2.003	1.408–2.849	1.743	1.201–2.531
Malignancy	0.095	1.443	0.987–2.110	1.475	0.994–2.190

Notes: ^aPearson’s Correlation Coefficient, p<0.005; ^bp<0.05.

Abbreviations: CVC, central venous catheter; PICC, peripherally implanted central catheter; CKD, chronic kidney disease.

Figure 1 Platelet-distribution comparison between UEDVT and no-UEDVT groups. Distribution of platelet levels for 643 patients without UEDVT diagnosis seen on left, with mean platelet measurement 261.69±132.64, median 242, minimum 10, and maximum 927. Distribution of platelet levels for 161 patients with UEDVT seen on right, with mean platelet measurement 256.76±128.476, median 234, minimum 26, and maximum 733.