Public Awareness, Attitudes, and Adherence to COVID-19 Quarantine and Isolation in Saudi Arabia

Figures & data

Table 1 Personal Data of General Population Participants in Saudi Arabia

Variables		No	%
Age in years	< 25 years	678	33.9%
	25–34	594	29.7%
	35–44	480	24.0%
	45–88	246	12.3%
Gender	Male	1320	66.1%
	Female	678	33.9%
Educational level	Basic education	59	3.0%
	Secondary education	415	20.8%
	University/ more	1524	76.3%
Marital status	Single	835	41.8%
	Married	1072	53.7%
	Divorced/ widow	91	4.6%
Family size	< 7 persons	1022	51.2%
	> 7 persons	976	48.8%
Monthly income	< 3000 SR (<800 USD)	164	8.2%
	3000–6000 SR (800–1600 USD)	293	14.6%
	6000–10,000 SR (1600–2667 USD)	536	26.8%
	> 10,000 SR (>2667 USD)	1005	50.3%
Have internet and use it	Yes	1922	96.2%
	No	76	3.8%
Your family member working in health-related field	Yes	841	42.1%
	No	1157	57.9%

Table 2 Participants’ Awareness Regarding COVID-19 Outbreak and Quarantine

Awareness Regarding COVID-19 and Quarantine		No	%
Awareness of COVID-19	Yes	1936	96.9%
	No	62	3.1%
Signs & Symptoms	Fever	1843	92.3%
	Cough	1516	76.0%
	Respiratory stress	1813	90.8%
	Sore throat	1131	56.7%
	Headache	13	0.7%
	Congestion	513	25.7%
	Anosmia	24	1.2%
Method of getting infection	Patient droplets and contaminated services	1903	95.2%
	By air	72	3.6%
	By food	23	1.2%
Awareness related to home quarantine	Incorrect answer	146	7.3%
	Correct answer	1852	92.7%
Awareness related to health quarantine	Incorrect answer	21	1.1%
	Correct answer	1977	98.9%
When to be quarantined	With travel or contact with infected persons	1618	81.0%
	All community members	380	19.0%
Quarantine duration according to MOH rules	3 days	18	0.9%
	7 days	16	0.8%
	14 days	1964	98.3%
When to use mask	Have cough/ caring infected person	1664	83.3%
	Outside home	334	16.7%
Emergency numbers to inform related to quarantine	911	1476	73.9%
	999	522	26.1%
Overall awareness level	Non-Adherent	260	13%
	Good	1738	87%

Table 3 Participants’ Practice During COVID-19 Outbreak and Quarantine

Practice Items	No	%
You or family member was abroad during the last 2 weeks	126	6.3%
If yes, stayed at home after return back	98	89.1%
You and your family stay at home	1869	93.5%
Had alternative activities within quarantine period	1407	70.4%

Table 4 Participants’ Attitude Towards COVID-19 Outbreak and Quarantine

Attitude Items		No	%
Disease risk on community	No risk	19	1.0%
	Low risk	76	3.8%
	Intermediate risk	393	19.7%
	High risk	1510	75.6%
Quarantine is vital for those with symptoms	Agree	1968	98.5%
	Disagree	30	1.5%
Governmental rules of quarantine and lockdown are vital	Agree	1980	99.1%
	Disagree	18	0.9%
Community culture is aware of quarantine importance	Agree	1346	67.4%
	Disagree	652	32.6%

Table 5 Distribution of Participants’ Awareness Level by Their Personal Data, Attitude and Practice

Factors		Awareness Level				P-value
		Poor		Good
		No	%	No	%
Age in years	< 25 years	88	13.0%	590	87.0%	0.618
	25–34	83	14.0%	511	86.0%
	35–44	63	13.1%	417	86.9%
	45–88	26	10.6%	220	89.4%
Gender	Male	141	10.7%	1179	89.3%	0.001*
	Female	119	17.6%	559	82.4%
Educational level	Basic education	17	28.8%	42	71.2%	0.001*
	Secondary education	70	16.9%	345	83.1%
	University/ more	173	11.4%	1351	88.6%
Marital status	Single	107	12.8%	728	87.2%	0.922
	Married	140	13.1%	932	86.9%
	Divorced/ widow	13	14.3%	78	85.7%
Family size	< 7 persons	129	12.6%	893	87.4%	0.595
	> 7 persons	131	13.4%	845	86.6%
Monthly income	< 3000 SR (<800 USD)	26	24.8%	79	75.2%	0.001*
	3000–6000 SR (800–1600 USD)	27	14.5%	159	85.5%
	6000–10,000 SR (1600–2667 USD)	53	15.5%	289	84.5%
	> 10,000 SR (>2667 USD)	60	9.4%	581	90.6%
You or family member working in health-related field	Yes	101	12.0%	740	88.0%	0.256
	No	159	13.7%	998	86.3%
Governmental rules of quarantine and lockdown are vital	Agree	247	12.5%	1733	87.5%	0.001*
	Disagree	13	72.2%	5	27.8%
You and your family stay at home	Yes	234	12.5%	1635	87.5%	0.013*
	No	26	20.2%	103	79.8%
Source of information	Social media	198	11.8%	1479	88.2%	0.001*
	Mass media	96	9.7%	898	90.3%
	MOH & WHO	4	11.4%	31	88.6%
	Health education posters	0	0.0%	3	100.0%
	Health care staff	0	0.0%	9	100.0%
	Internet	8	53.3%	7	46.7%
	Study/ work	11	7.7%	132	92.3%

Note: P: Pearson X2 test. *P < 0.05 (significant).