Effects of Mind-Regulation Acupuncture Therapy on Serum Ghrelin, Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide, Leptin, and Insulin Levels in Breast Cancer Survivors with Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Figures & data

Table 1 Pre-Treatment General Information

General Information		Control Group (n=57)	MRA Group (n=57)	P
BRCA Stages	Stage 0 or I	34	31	0.570^a
	Stage II or III	23	26
Age (years)	Mean ± SD	52.91 ± 11.89	52.46 ± 14.01	0.852^b
KPS	Mean ± SD	63.32 ± 14.35	65.39± 15.31	0.458^b
Career	Manual Worker	37	42	0.310^a
	Mental worker	20	15
Education background	Below high school	17	11	0.416^a
	High School	27	30
	Above High School	13	16
Type of Treatment	Chemotherapy	45	49	0.325^a
	Radiotherapy	12	8

Notes: ^aχ² test; ^bT-test.

Figure 1 CONSORT flow diagram.

Table 2 Comparison of MFI-20 Between the Control Group and the MRA Group

Indicators	Control Group (n=57)		MRA Group (n=57)
	Pre-Treatment	Post-Treatment	Pre-Treatment	Post-Treatment
General fatigue scores	14.93±2.22	12.30±2.31**	15.23±2.59	8.63±2.20**^##
Physical fatigue scores	14.09± 1.62	9.93 ± 2.1.16**	14.33 ± 1.64	7.40 ± 0.90**^##
Reduced activity scores	14.25± 1.78	9.89 ± 1.80**	14.63 ± 1.67	7.53 ± 1.39**^##
Decreased motivation scores	14.04 ± 1.56	10.28± 1.24**	14.35 ± 1.71	8.53 ±1.40**^##
Mental fatigue scores	14.32±1.49	10.67±1.23**	14.51±1.49	8.65±1.71**^##
MFI-20 total scores	71.61 ± 4.85	53.07 ±4.20**	73.05± 4.07	40.74 ± 3.54**^##

Notes: **P<0.01, Compared to same group before treatment;^##P<0.01, compared to the control group after treatment.

Table 3 Comparison of Serum Ghrelin, GIP, Leptin, and Insulin Levels Between the Control Group and the MRA Group

Indicators	Control Group (n=57)		MRA Group (n=57)
	Pre-Treatment	Post-Treatment	Pre-Treatment	Post-Treatment
Ghrelin (pg/mL)	373.20 ± 31.94	292.14 ± 22.03**	372.36 ± 37.37	207.07 ± 24.03**^##
GIP (pg/mL)	210.57 ± 33.92	140.19 ± 22.60**	213.18 ± 32.54	95.71 ± 16.99**^##
Insulin (pg/mL)	490.46 ± 64.36	341.37 ± 86.84**	506.13 ± 74.97	247.35 ± 73.97**^##
Leptin (ng/mL)	13.10 ± 1.84	9.75 ± 1.64**	12.73 ± 2.27	5.76 ± 1.49**^##

Notes: **P<0.01, Compared to this group before treatment; ^##P<0.01, compared to the control group after treatment.

Table 4 Comparison of PSQI Between the Control Group and the MRA Group

Indicators	Control Group (n=57)		MRA Group (n=57)
	Pre-Treatment	Post-Treatment	Pre-Treatment	Post-Treatment
Sleep quality	2.04 ± 0.76	1.35 ± 0.69**	2.21 ± 0.70	0.88± 0.71**^##
Sleep latency	1.60 ± 0.70	1.25 ± 0.61**	1.68 ± 0.78	0.95 ± 0.51**^##
Sleep duration	1.58± 0.82	1.11 ± 0.79**	1.65 ± 0.88	0.84 ± 0.41**^#
Sleep efficiency	1.84 ± 0.62	0.93 ± 0.46**	1.98 ± 0.74	0.72 ± 0.45**^#
Sleep disorder	1.51 ± 1.00	1.11 ± 0.75**	1.54 ± 0.87	0.93 ± 0.65**
Daytime dysfunction	1.56 ± 0.98	1.04 ± 0.78*	1.68 ± 0.76	0.88 ± 0.68**
Hypnotic drug application	1.72 ± 0.75	1.18 ± 0.38**	1.77± 0.71	0.67 ± 0.51**^##
Total PSQI	11.84 ± 3.99	7.95± 2.68**	12.53 ± 3.22	5.86 ± 2.26**^##

Notes: *P<0.05 and **P<0.01, Compared to this group before treatment; ^#P<0.05 and ^##P<0.01, compared to the control group after treatment.

Table 5 Comparison of HAMD and KPS Between the Control Group and the MRA Group

Indicators	Control Group (n=57)		MRA Group (n=57)
	Pre-Treatment	Post-Treatment	Pre-Treatment	Post-Treatment
HAMD score	34.14 ± 4.68	21.65 ± 5.21**	33.23 ± 5.45	19.11 ± 4.52**^##
KPS score	72.28 ± 8.46	56.58 ± 8.62**	74.04 ± 7.04	50.18 ± 8.13**^##

Notes: **P<0.01, Compared to this group before treatment; ^##P<0.01, compared to the control group after treatment.