Correlation Between Adolescent Mental Health and Sleep Quality: A Study in Indonesian Rural Areas During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristic of Subject (n = 109)

	Total	%
1. Sex:
Male	37	33.9
Female	72	66.1
2. Age (year): Mean (SD)	15.1 (SD = 0.79)
3. Living with:
Father and Mother	79	72.5
Mother/father	15	13.8
Others	15	13.8
4. Number of children within households:
<3	42	38.5
≥ 3	67	61.5
5. School from home:
Yes	106	97.2
No	3	2.8
6. Parents work from home:
Yes	32	29.4
No	77	70.6
7. Gadget and social media use daily:
< 4 hours/day	42	38.5
≥ 4 hours/day	67	61.5

Figure 1 Distribution of mental emotional problems in adolescents.

Table 2 Differences in Sleep Quality Based on Demographic Status

Characteristic	Sleep Quality		P value
	Poor n (%)	Good n (%)
1. Sex:			0.951
Male	26 (70.3%)	11 (29.7%)
Female	51 (70.8%)	21 (29.2%)
2. Living with:			0.541
Father and Mother	58 (73.4%)	21 (26.6%)
Father/Mother	10 (66.7%)	5 (33.3%)
Others	9 (60.0%)	6 (40.0%)
3. Number of children within households:			0.667
<3	31 (73.8%)	11 (26.2%)
≥ 3	46 (68.7%)	21 (31.3%)
4. School from home:			0.554
Yes	74 (69.8%)	32 (30.2%)
No	3 (100%)	0 (0%)
5. Parents work from home:			0.520
Yes	24 (75.0%)	8 (25.0%)
No	53 (68.8%)	24 (31.2%)
6. Gadget and social media use daily:			0.113
< 4 hours/ day	26 (61.9%)	16 (38.1%)
≥ 4 hours/ day	51 (76.1%)	16 (29.4%)

Table 3 Correlation of Mental Health and Sleep Quality in Adolescents

Mental Emotional Subscale	Sleep Quality		Correlation
	Poor (n = 77)	Good (n = 32)	Coefficient (r)	p value
1. Emotional:			0.247	0.010
Abnormal	19 (79.2%)	5 (20.8%)
Borderline	10 (62.5%)	6 (37.5%)
Normal	48 (69.6%)	21 (30.4%)
2. Conduct:			0.258	0.007
Abnormal	14 (77.8%)	4 (22.2%)
Borderline	18 (85.7%)	3 (14.3%)
Normal	45 (64.3%)	25 (35.7%)
3. Hyperactivity:			0.221	0.021
Abnormal	5 (100%)	0 (0%)
Borderline	6 (60.0%)	4 (40.0%)
Normal	66 (70.2%)	28 (29.8%)
4. Peer problem:			0.139	0.150
Abnormal	11 (73.3%)	4 (26.7%)
Borderline	35 (72.9%)	13 (27.1%)
Normal	31 (67.4%)	15 (32.6%)
5. Total Difficulty:			0.310	0.001
Abnormal	23 (88.5%)	3 (11.5%)
Borderline	17 (63.0%)	10 (37.0%)
Normal	37 (66.1%)	19 (33.9%)
6. Prosocial:			−0.045	0.646
Abnormal	0 (0%)	0 (0%)
Borderline	5 (83.3%)	1 (16.7%)
Normal	72 (69.9%)	31 (30.1%)

Note: The bold values was statistically significant (p value <0.05).