Ultrasound Imaging in Subjects with Sickle Cell Disease: The Saudi Arabia Experiences

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic Characteristics and Clinical Data of SCA Paediatrics

Variable	Frequency	Percent
Age of participant/years
<5	13	16.7
5–10	30	38.5
11–15	19	24.4
>15	16	20.5
Mean 10.39±4.9 years
Gender
Female	43	55.1
Male	35	44.9
Height
More than 80 cm	4	5.1
81–100 cm	12	15.4
101–120 cm	20	25.6
121 - more	42	53.8
Mean 130.52±26.52
Weight
Less than 15 Kg	16	20.5
16–20 kg	10	12.8
21–30 kg	21	26.9
More than 30 kg	31	39.7
Number of blood transfusion
Once	18	23.1
Twice	3	3.8
Triple	5	6.4
Four times	16	20.5
No	36	46.2
Extra-vaccine gives regularly
Yes	9	11.5
No	69	88.5
Governmental support
Yes	30	38.5
No	48	61.5
Total	78	100

Table 2 Frequency Distribution of Abdominal Ultrasound Findings and Complication of SCA

Abdominal Findings	Frequency	Percentage
Liver
Liver size
Normal	61	78.2
Enlarged	17	21.8
Small	0	0
Mean 10.14±2.7 cm (6.5–14.5 cm)
Liver Echotexture
Homogeneous	78	100
Heterogeneous	0	0
Liver echogenicity
Normal	75	96.2
Hyperechoic	2	2.6
Hypoechoic	1	1.3
Liver Focal lesion
Yes	4	5.1
No	74	94.9
Biliary system (GB)
Normal	72	92.3
Stone	5	6.4
Cholecystectomy	1	1.3
Spleen
Spleen abnormality
Normal	50	64.1
Auto splenectomy	1	1.3
Shrunken	1	1.3
Mild enlarged	11	14.1
Moderate enlarged	2	2.6
Marked enlarged	2	2.6
Decreased echotexture	2	2.6
Multiple punctate echogenic foci	2	2.6
Focal lesion	7	9
Mean 9.65±2.27 cm (6.0–15.0 cm)
Renal
Normal	78	100
Complications
Stroke	1	1.3
Meningitis	1	1.3
Osteomyelitis sepsis	6	7.7
Acute Chest Syndrome	3	3.8
Meningitis and acute chest syndrome	1	1.3

Table 3 Correlation Between the Spleen Size and Number of Blood Transfusions

Spleen Size	Number of Blood Transfusion					Total	P-value
	No	Once	Twice	Triple	Four Times
Normal	35	12	2	4	11	64	0.018
Shrunken	1	1	0	1	1	4
Mild enlarged	0	2	0	0	2	4
Moderate enlarged	0	0	0	0	2	2
Marked enlarged	0	3	1	0	0	4
Total	36	18	3	5	16	78

Figure 1 Bar chart shows the relation between the type of crises at presentation for ultrasound and splenic size.

Figure 2 Bar chart shows the relation between the medication used and splenic size.

Figure 3 Bar chart shows the correlation between the liver size and type of crises.