Risk Factors of Gastrointestinal Perforation with a Poor Prognosis

Figures & data

Table 1 Included Patients’ Information Divided According to Length of Stay

	Total	<9d	≥9d	P value
Male gender	180/240(75.00%)	71/86(82.60%)	109/154(70.80%)	0.043
Perforation site (upper digestive tract)	185/236(78.39%)	71/82(86.60%)	114/154(74.00%)	0.026
Age (years)	63.50(52.00,76.75)	62.00(50.00,76.00)	67.00(54.00,77.00)	0.148
Total protein (g/L)	63.41(58.76,67.74)	65.71(61.41,70.53)	62.42(58.37,65.99)	0.001
Albumin (g/L)	39.15(35.68,42.11)	40.17(37.02,43.23)	38.14(35.33,41.50)	0.004
Neutrophils (10^9/L)	10.23(6.08,13.42)	10.90(7.26,13.13)	9.89(5.10,13.54)	0.280
Lymphocyte (10^9/L)	0.66(0.45,1.13)	0.65(0.43,1.14)	0.66(0.45,1.13)	0.738
Eosinophils (10^9/L)	0.01(0.00,0.04)	0.01(0.00,0.03)	0.01(0.00,0.04)	0.468
Basophils (10^9/L)	0.01(0.00,0.02)	0.01(0.00,0.02)	0.01(0.005,0.02)	0.198
Monocyte (10^9/L)	0.48(0.24,0.70)	0.48(0.29,0.68)	0.46(0.22,0.71)	0.234
Platelet (10^9/L)	247.00(201.00,308.00)	240.00(186.00,288.00)	253.00(206.50,316.50)	0.197
Hemoglobin (10^12/L)	130.00(107.50,145.00)	139.00(118.00,150.00)	125.00(104.50,139.50)	0.001
NLR	12.12(7.33,20.33)	13.55(8.12,25.29)	11.1(7.06,19.91)	0.070
PLR	304.82(172.56,408.00)	298.95(168.97,412.31)	306.30(177.44,407.69)	0.593
LMR	2.08(1.16,3.20)	2.00(1.00,3.09)	2.15(1.19,3.27)	0.078
SII	3084.91(1566.22,5363.09)	3064.68(1854.55,5491.15)	3105.14(1420.09,5165.10)	0.436
PNI	43.30(38.86,46.53)	44.25(40.86,48.24)	42.70(38.65,46.05)	0.065
HALP	14.15(8.58,24.52)	15.17(9.38,29.61)	13.89(7.23,24.16)	0.163

Figure 1 Nomogram of prolonged length of stay.

Figure 2 The ROC curve of length of stay.

Table 2 Included Patients’ Information Classified by Septic Shock

	Total	No Septic Shock	Septic Shock	P value
Male gender	180/240(75.00%)	168/214(78.50%)	12/26(46.20%)	<0.001
Location of the perforation (upper digestive tract)	185/236(78.39%)	170/214(79.40%)	15/22(68.20%)	0.222
Age (years)	63.50(52.00,76.75)	62.50(51.00,76.00)	77.00(65.50,83.25)	<0.001
Total protein (g/L)	63.41(58.76,67.74)	64.07(59.90,68.25)	55.50(51.83,61.07)	<0.001
Albumin (g/L)	39.15(35.68,42.11)	39.56(36.53,42.30)	32.94(29.60,37.15)	<0.001
Neutrophils (10^9/L)	10.23(6.08,13.42)	10.51(7.15,13.41)	6.14(3.04,14.91)	0.025
Lymphocyte (10^9/L)	0.66(0.45,1.13)	0.71(0.45,1.14)	0.51(0.35,0.68)	0.003
Eosinophils (10^9/L)	0.01(0.00,0.04)	0.01(0.00,0.04)	0.01(0.00,0.03)	0.129
Basophils (10^9/L)	0.01(0.00,0.02)	0.01(0.01,0.02)	0.01(0.00,0.01)	0.004
Monocyte (10^9/L)	0.48(0.24,0.70)	0.48(0.27,0.71)	0.24(0.11,0.54)	0.001
Platelet (10^9/L)	247.00(201.00,308.00)	247.00(205.75,303.00)	227.00(151.75,356.50)	0.618
Hemoglobin (10^12/L)	130.00(107.50,145.00)	133.00(113.75,146.25)	97.00(77.50,131.25)	<0.001
NLR	12.12(7.33,20.33)	12.30(7.56,20.03)	9.89(4.94,24.55)	0.755
PLR	347.37(222.91,526.84)	339.19(220.32,510.48)	423.00(273.52,781.27)	0.039
LMR	1.69(1.02,2.99)	1.71(1.04,2.91)	1.49(0.75,5.63)	0.594
SII	3084.91(1566.22,5363.09)	3115.99(1689.08,5306.76)	2147.91(1037.45,6092.50)	0.277
PNI	43.30(38.86,46.53)	44.00(40.07,47.11)	36.07(31.94,41.01)	0.001
HALP	14.15(8.58,24.52)	14.94(9.17,25.11)	9.51(3.22,15.77)	0.004

Figure 3 Nomogram representing septic shock.

Figure 4 The ROC curve for septic shock discrimination.

Table 3 Included Patients’ Information Divided According to Mortality

	Total	Mortality	Survival	P value
Male gender	180/240(75.00%)	6/12(50.00%)	174/228(76.30%)	0.079
Location of the perforation (upper digestive tract)	185/236(78.39%)	6/10(60.00%)	179/226(79.20%)	0.229
Age (years)	63.50(52.00,76.75)	78.50(65.50,83.50)	63.00(51.75,74.50)	0.052
Total protein (g/L)	63.41(58.76,67.74)	53.11(46.29,58.79)	63.82(59.69,67.98)	0.001
Albumin (g/L)	39.15(35.68,42.11)	30.62(26.26,34.08)	39.47(36.34,42.22)	<0.001
Neutrophils (10^9/L)	10.23(6.08,13.42)	10.25(2.89,16.34)	10.25(6.27,13.41)	0.556
Lymphocyte (10^9/L)	0.66(0.45,1.13)	0.39(0.30,0.89)	0.69(0.45,1.14)	0.008
Eosinophils (10^9/L)	0.01(0.00,0.04)	0.01(0.00,0.03)	0.01(0.00,0.04)	0.817
Basophils (10^9/L)	0.01(0.00,0.02)	0.01(0.00,0.02)	0.01(0.00,0.02)	0.632
Monocyte (10^9/L)	0.48(0.24,0.70)	0.28(0.13,0.57)	0.48(0.27,0.71)	0.019
Platelet (10^9/L)	247.00(201.00,308.00)	258.00(148.25,375.00)	247.00(204.75,305.25)	0.241
Hemoglobin (10^12/L)	130.00(107.50,145.00)	104.50(78.75,127.25)	131.50(109.75,145.00)	0.033
NLR	12.12(7.33,20.33)	12.79(5.57,47.85)	12.03(7.38,20.03)	0.561
PLR	347.37(222.91,526.84)	593.64(356.44,913.30)	341.75(220.50,518.34)	0.242
LMR	1.69(1.02,2.99)	1.48(0.69,5.43)	1.74(1.02,2.96)	0.919
SII	3084.91(1566.22,5363.09)	2799.34(563.69,11,581.52)	3084.91(1618.67,5363.09)	0.422
PNI	43.30(38.86,46.53)	33.85(29.52,39.71)	43.65(39.56,46.81)	0.001
HALP	14.15(8.58,24.52)	7.99(3.09,29.77)	14.47(8.78,24.52)	0.077

Figure 5 Nomogram of mortality.

Figure 6 The ROC curve for discriminating mortality.