Comparison of Baseline and Test Day Cardiovascular Parameters, Anxiety Scores and Coffee Consumption Among Medical Students Undergoing Objective Structured Clinical Examinations in Jordan

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic, Anthropometric, and Relevant Characteristics of Participants at Baseline

Variable	Male		Female		p value
Age, mean (SD)	21.3	1.1	21.1	0.9	0.110
BMI, mean (SD)	24.8	4.7	22.0	3.3	<0.001
GPA, mean (SD)	3.3	0.4	3.1	0.5	0.024
Household, n (%)					0.403
With Family	104	72.2%	132	72.9%
Alone	32	22.2%	33	18.2%
Student Housing	8	5.6%	16	8.8%
Smoking, n (%)					<0.001
Non smoker	100	69.4%	166	91.7%
Cigarettes smoking	22	15.3%	1	0.6%
Waterpipe smoking	16	11.1%	11	6.1%
Ex-smoking	6	4.2%	3	1.7%

Abbreviation: GPA, Grade Point Average.

Table 2 The Difference in the Means of Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Anxiety Score, and Daily Cups of Coffee Between the OSCE Day and Baseline

Variable	Baseline		OSCE Day		Univariate Analysis	Multivariate Analysis*
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	p-value	p-value
Systolic blood pressure	114.99	12.88	121.73	12.53	<0.001	0.027
Diastolic blood pressure	75.98	8.13	79.69	10.45	<0.001	0.002
Heart rate	80.55	12.59	95.03	15.28	<0.001	<0.001
Anxiety score	6.64	4.64	6.74	4.70	0.676	0.636
Daily cups of coffee	0.56	0.59	0.70	1.05	0.026	0.045

Note: *Adjusted for gender, age, and body mass index.

Abbreviation: OSCE, Objective Structured Clinical Examination.

Figure 1 Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate on OSCE day compared to baseline.

Table 3 The Difference in the Means of Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Anxiety Score, and Daily Cups of Coffee Between the OSCE Day and Baseline According to Gender

Variable	Male					Female
	Baseline		OSCE Day		p-value	Baseline		OSCE Day		p-value
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD		Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Systolic blood pressure	122.08	12.83	128.35	11.29	<0.001	109.36	9.80	116.46	10.87	<0.001
Diastolic blood pressure	77.33	8.81	79.85	9.70	0.006	74.91	7.40	79.56	11.04	<0.001
Heart rate	77.00	12.45	90.81	14.20	<0.001	83.37	12.01	98.39	15.32	<0.001
Anxiety score	6.06	4.69	5.56	4.28	0.109	7.10	4.57	7.67	4.81	0.098
Daily cups of coffee	0.54	0.57	0.72	1.07	0.060	0.58	0.61	0.69	1.03	0.191

Abbreviation: OSCE, Objective Structured Clinical Examination.

Table 4 The Average Change (OSCE Day – Baseline) in Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Anxiety Score, and Daily Cups of Coffee for Males and Females

Variable	Gender						p-value (Male vs Female)
	Male		Female		Total
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Systolic blood pressure	6.28	11.16	7.10	10.69	6.74	10.89	0.497
Diastolic blood pressure	2.51	10.83	4.65	10.89	3.70	10.90	0.080
Heart rate	13.81	15.15	15.02	14.18	14.48	14.61	0.457
Anxiety score	−0.49	3.67	0.57	4.61	0.10	4.25	0.025
Daily cups of coffee	0.18	1.14	0.11	1.13	0.14	1.14	0.582

Abbreviation: OSCE, Objective Structured Clinical Examination.