Benefit of magnesium-25 carrying porphyrin-fullerene nanoparticles in experimental diabetic neuropathy

Figures & data

Figure 1 Protective effects of various forms of magnesium on blood glucose in DN rats after two months.

Notes: Data are mean ± SE of six animals. Difference between control and other groups is significant at P < 0.001(^aaa). Difference between DN and ²⁵Mg-PMC₁₆ is significant at P < 0.05(^b).

Abbreviations: DN, diabetic neuropathy; SE, standard error.

Figure 2 Protective effects of various forms of magnesium on weight of DN rats after two months.

Notes: Data are mean ± SE of six animals. Difference between control and other groups is significant at P < 0.001(^aaa). Difference between DN and ²⁵Mg-PMC₁₆ is significant at P < 0.05(^bb).

Abbreviations: DN, diabetic neuropathy; SE, standard error.

Figure 3 Protective effects of various forms of magnesium on 2,3-DPG concentration in erythrocytes of DN rats after two months.

Notes: Data are mean ± SE of six animals. Difference between control and other groups is significant at P < 0.001(^aaa). Difference between DN and ²⁵Mg-PMC₁₆ is significant at P < 0.001(^bbb).

Abbreviations: DN, diabetic neuropathy; SE, standard error.

Table 1 Protective effects of various forms of magnesium on oxidative stress biomarkers

	Control	DN	^25Mg-PMC16	^24Mg-PMC16	MgCl2
Total antioxidant capacity (μmol/mL)	566.2 ± 46.44	325.7 ± 32.9^aa	540.7 ± 39.82^bb	344.3 ± 33.89^aa	370.5 ± 40.60^a
Lipid peroxidation (nmol/mL)	1.73 ± 0.18	5.17 ± 0.45^aaa	2.54 ± 0.47^bb	4.85 ± 0.53^aa	4.8 ± 0.55^aa
Total thiol groups (mmol/L)	0.53 ± 0.05	0.26 ± 0.06^a	0.47 ± 0.04^bbb	0.28 ± 0.04^a	0.28 ± 0.03^a

Notes: Data are mean ± SE of six animals. Difference between control and other groups is significant at P < 0.001(^aaa), P < 0.01(^aa), P < 0.05(^a). Difference between DN and ²⁵Mg-PMC₁₆ is significant at P < 0.001(^bbb), P < 0.01(^bb).

Abbreviations: DN, diabetic neuropathy; SE, standard error.

Figure 4 Protective effects of various forms of magnesium on ADP/ATP level in DN rats after two months.

Notes: Data are mean ± SE of six animals. Difference between control and other groups is significant at P < 0.001(^aaa). Difference between DN and ²⁵Mg-PMC₁₆ is significant at P < 0.001(^bbb).

Abbreviations: ADP/ATP, adenosine diphosphate/adenosine triphospahte; DN, diabetic neuropathy; SE, standard error.