Figures & data
Figure 1 (A) Size and (B) polydispersity index of RHA nanoparticles analyzed by dynamic light scattering. Data are shown as mean with SD error bars (n = 3). Significance difference: *** (P < 0.001). (C) Transmission electron microscopy image of RHA nanoparticles.
![Figure 1 (A) Size and (B) polydispersity index of RHA nanoparticles analyzed by dynamic light scattering. Data are shown as mean with SD error bars (n = 3). Significance difference: *** (P < 0.001). (C) Transmission electron microscopy image of RHA nanoparticles.](/cms/asset/37e65e89-ab94-40ab-8459-f2e1ebe7631d/dijn_a_12190799_f0001_b.jpg)
Figure 2 (A) IC50 values of RHA nanoparticles against 4 cancer cell lines. (B) Proliferation of A-375 cells after treatment with 12.5 μM and 25.0 μM of RHA nanoparticles or ATRA, respectively, for 48 hrs. Data are shown as mean with SD error bars (n = 4). Significance difference: *** (P < 0.001).
![Figure 2 (A) IC50 values of RHA nanoparticles against 4 cancer cell lines. (B) Proliferation of A-375 cells after treatment with 12.5 μM and 25.0 μM of RHA nanoparticles or ATRA, respectively, for 48 hrs. Data are shown as mean with SD error bars (n = 4). Significance difference: *** (P < 0.001).](/cms/asset/2a50343d-d37d-4eb9-bd81-ccfc4c537a25/dijn_a_12190799_f0002_b.jpg)
Figure 3 (A) Cell cycle analysis and (B) apoptotic cell proportion of A-375 cells treated with various concentrations of RHA nanoparticles for 48 hrs.
![Figure 3 (A) Cell cycle analysis and (B) apoptotic cell proportion of A-375 cells treated with various concentrations of RHA nanoparticles for 48 hrs.](/cms/asset/03bfcb4c-a0b5-4b9d-8136-e85ae2d388e9/dijn_a_12190799_f0003_c.jpg)
Figure 4 (A) Viability and (B) viable cells of A-375 cells after RHA withdrawal. Cells were pre-treated with 25 μM of RHA nanoparticles for 48 hrs. (C) Image and (D) foci counts of colony formation of A-375 cells pre-treated with 25 μM of RHA nanoparticles for various days. Data were shown as mean with SD error bars (n=3). Significance difference: ** (comparing with 0 hrs, P < 0.01) and *** (comparing with 0 hrs, P < 0.001).
![Figure 4 (A) Viability and (B) viable cells of A-375 cells after RHA withdrawal. Cells were pre-treated with 25 μM of RHA nanoparticles for 48 hrs. (C) Image and (D) foci counts of colony formation of A-375 cells pre-treated with 25 μM of RHA nanoparticles for various days. Data were shown as mean with SD error bars (n=3). Significance difference: ** (comparing with 0 hrs, P < 0.01) and *** (comparing with 0 hrs, P < 0.001).](/cms/asset/2ae234f2-1e14-43b4-96f3-880bf315ceae/dijn_a_12190799_f0004_b.jpg)
Figure 5 Dynamic in vivo distribution of RHA nanoparticles and poloxamer-coated RHA nanoparticles observed using 0.5% (mol/mol) hexadecylamine-modified Cy7 (HA-Cy7) as tracer. A single dose of nanoparticles or HA-Cy7 was administered intravenously. Yellow circle indicated the location of tumors, while red one indicated the location of livers.
![Figure 5 Dynamic in vivo distribution of RHA nanoparticles and poloxamer-coated RHA nanoparticles observed using 0.5% (mol/mol) hexadecylamine-modified Cy7 (HA-Cy7) as tracer. A single dose of nanoparticles or HA-Cy7 was administered intravenously. Yellow circle indicated the location of tumors, while red one indicated the location of livers.](/cms/asset/86497488-5fbf-4d2d-8e62-9108ff7df108/dijn_a_12190799_f0005_c.jpg)
Figure 6 (A) Appearance and (B) size of Balb/c-nu mice tumors treated with vehicle or RHA nanoparticles. Vehicle or 10 mmol/kg RHA nanoparticles were administrated intravenously every 2 days from the 14th day to 24th day of A-375 cell presentation. Data are shown as mean with SD error bars (n = 6). Significance difference: ** (P < 0.01) and *** (P < 0.001).
![Figure 6 (A) Appearance and (B) size of Balb/c-nu mice tumors treated with vehicle or RHA nanoparticles. Vehicle or 10 mmol/kg RHA nanoparticles were administrated intravenously every 2 days from the 14th day to 24th day of A-375 cell presentation. Data are shown as mean with SD error bars (n = 6). Significance difference: ** (P < 0.01) and *** (P < 0.001).](/cms/asset/0b483027-5212-4ff2-9d55-ef906f42a5f6/dijn_a_12190799_f0006_c.jpg)