Montmorillonite-norfloxacin nanocomposite intended for healing of infected wounds

Figures & data

Table 1 Fitting equation and parameters for the adsorption of NF onto VHS

Equation (1)*	R^2	n^sm	k
$n^s=\frac{k{\text{cdotn}}_m^s\text{cdotC}}{k\text{cdotC}+1}$	0.9959	0.0007±0.00002	130.4±0.43

Notes: *N^s: mol of NF per gram of VHS (mol/g); n^s_m: monolayer retention capacity (mol/g); C: equilibrium concentration (mol/l); k: kinetic equilibrium constant (mean values ± s.d.; n=3).

Abbreviations: NF: norfloxacin; VHS: montmorillonite.

Figure 1 Equilibrium adsorption isotherm of NF and VHS (mean values ± s.d.; n=3).

Abbreviations: NF, norfloxacin; VHS, montmorillonite.

Figure 2 XRPD diffraction patterns of NF, VHS and VHS-NF.

Abbreviations: NF, norfloxacin; VHS, montmorillonite; VHS-NF, montmorillonite/norfloxacin nanocomposite.

Figure 3 FT-IR spectra of NF, VHS and VHS-NF.

Abbreviations: NF, norfloxacin; VHS, montmorillonite; VHS-NF: montmorillonite/norfloxacin nanocomposite.

Figure 4 Thermal analysis (TGA – high panel curves and DSC – low panel curves) of NF, VHS and VHS-NF samples.

Abbreviations: NF, norfloxacin; VHS, montmorillonite; VHS-NF, montmorillonite/norfloxacin nanocomposite.

Figure 5 TEM microphotographs and EDX analysis of VHS (A), NF (B) and VHS-NF (C) together with EDX mapping of VHS-NF (D).

Abbreviations: NF, norfloxacin; VHS, montmorillonite; VHS-NF, montmorillonite/norfloxacin nanocomposite.

Figure 6 % of norfloxacin (NF) released from NF and VHS-NF (mean values ± s.d.; n=3).

Abbreviations: NF, norfloxacin; VHS-NF, montmorillonite/norfloxacin nanocomposite.

Figure 7 Microbiocidal effect vs time profiles of norfloxacin (NF) released from NF and VHS-NF against (A) Pseudomonas aeruginosa and (B) Staphylococcus aureus (mean values ± s.d.; n=3).

Abbreviations: NF, norfloxacin; VHS-NF, montmorillonite/norfloxacin nanocomposite.

Figure 8 Bioavailability (OD) evaluated for VHS (1.2 mg/mL), NF (0.1 mg/mL) and VHS-NF (VHS: 1.2 mg/mL and NF 0.1 mg/mL) compared to the control (growth medium, standard growth conditions) (mean values ± s.d.; n=8) (Statistical analysis W test: control vs VHS-NF: p=0.030).

Abbreviations: NF, norfloxacin; VHS, montmorillonite; VHS-NF, montmorillonite/norfloxacin nanocomposite.