Comparative Effect Of Curcumin Versus Liposomal Curcumin On Systemic Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Profile, MCP-1 And RANTES In Experimental Diabetes Mellitus

Figures & data

Figure 1 Group flow chart: experimental design.

Abbreviations: i.p., intraperitoneal administration; bw, body weight.

Figure 2 Variability of the biomarkers by groups: (A) C-Peptide; (B) tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α); (C) interLeukin 6 (IL-6); (D) interLeukin 1 alpha (IL-1α); (E) interLeukin 1 beta (IL-1β); (F) monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1); (G) regulated on activation, normal t cell expressed and secreted (RANTES); Control; STZ = streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes; STZ+CCx = streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes with curcumin solution pre-treatment at 1 mg/0.1 kg bw (x=1, CC1), respectively, 2 mg/0.1 kg bw (x=2, CC2); STZ+LCCx = streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes with liposomal curcumin pre-treatment at 1 mg/0.1 kg bw (x=1, LCC1) respectively, 2 mg/0.1 kg bw (x=2, LCC2).

Abbreviations: TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor-alpha; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-1α, interleukin-1 alpha; IL-1β, interleukin-1 beta; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; RANTES, regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted.

Table 1 Variability In The Investigated Marker Of Pancreatic Damage, And Cytokines By Groups Expressed As Mean And Standard Deviation

	Group Abbreviation (7 rats per group)
	C	STZ	STZ+CC1	STZ+CC2	STZ+LCC1	STZ+LCC2
Marker of pancreatic damage
C-Peptide (pmol/L)  Mean (STD)  P-value*  P-value**  P-value***	609 (14.80)	426 (12.91)	436 (9.69) 0.1417	443 (11.19) 0.0298	448 (12.14) 0.0127 0.1059	557 (11.00) 0.0022 0.0022 0.0022
Markers of inflammation
TNF-α (ng/mL)  Mean (STD)  P-value*  P-value**  P-value***	0.45 (0.07)	4.03 (0.35)	3.73 (0.26) 0.1102	3.49 (0.35) 0.0253	3.13 (0.39) 0.0040 0.0106	2.17 (0.35) 0.0022 0.0022 0.0040
IL-6 (ng/mL)  Mean (STD)  P-value*  P-value**  P-value***	0.29 (0.03)	0.44 (0.04)	0.41 (0.02) 0.1599	0.40 (0.01) 0.0553	0.38 (0.03) 0.0152 0.0967	0.36 (0.04) 0.0106 0.0967 0.4062
IL-1α (ng/mL)  Mean (STD)  P-value*  P-value**  P-value***	0.39 (0.04)	0.60 (0.07)	0.50 (0.05) 0.0181	0.49 (0.04) 0.0060	0.47 (0.06) 0.0060 0.2248	0.41 (0.05) 0.0022 0.0181 0.0845
IL-1ß (ng/mL)  Mean (STD)  P-value*  P-value**  P-value***	0.47 (0.12)	1.77 (0.12)	1.61 (0.04) 0.0033	1.48 (0.05) 0.0022	1.35 (0.21) 0.0060 0.0298	1.04 (0.21) 0.0022 0.0027 0.0215
MCP-1 (ng/mL)  Mean (STD)  P-value*  P-value**  P-value***	0.26 (0.05)	0.44 (0.05)	0.40 (0.02) 0.1102	0.37 (0.03) 0.0106	0.39 (0.05) 0.0639 0.7983	0.33 (0.03) 0.0027 0.0736 0.0409
RANTES (ng/mL)  Mean (STD)  P-value*  P-value**  P-value***	1.73 (0.07)	3.35 (0.24)	3.13 (0.16) 0.0639	2.97 (0.21) 0.0152	2.60 (0.17) 0.0022 0.0022	2.11 (0.13) 0.0022 0.0022 0.0027

Notes: P-values from Mann–Whitney test: *As compared to STZ-C; **For comparison of STZ+CC1 with STZ+LCC1, respectively, STZ+CC2 with STZ+LCC2; ***For comparison between groups with different doses of LLC (STZ+LCC1 with STZ+LCC2).

Abbreviations: STD, standard deviation; C, Control; STZ, streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes; STZ+CC1, STZ and 1 mg/0.1 kg bw curcumin as pre-treatment; STZ+CC2, STZ and 2 mg/100g bw curcumin as pre-treatment; STZ+LCC1, STZ and pre-treatment with 1 mg/100g bw liposomal-curcumin; STZ+LCC2, STZ and pre-treatment with 2 mg/0.1 kg bw liposomal-curcumin; Std, standard deviation; TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor-alpha; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-1α, interleukin-1 alpha; IL-1β, interleukin-1 beta; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; RANTES, regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted.