Figures & data
Figure 1 Transmission electron microscope image of magnetic titanium oxide nanoparticles.
Figure 2 Size distribution histogram of titanium oxide nanoparticles.
Figure 3 Photographic image (A) and the schematic representation (B) of doxorubicin loading onto the TiO2 nanoparticles through the formation of DOXTiO2 nanocomposites.
Abbreviations: DOX, doxorubicin; TiO2, titanium dioxide; Nps, nanoparticles.
Figure 4 Cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin or DOX-TiO2 nanocomposites against the human SMMC-7721 hepatocarcinoma cells.
Note: Data expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (n = 3).
Abbreviations: DOX, doxorubicin; TiO2, titanium dioxide; Nps, nanoparticles.
Figure 5 The IC50 of DOX, DOX-TiO2 nanocomposites for SMMC-7721 cells.
Note: *P < 0.05, compared with free DOX.
Abbreviations: DOX, doxorubicin; DOX-TiO2, titanium dioxide-doxorubicin
Figure 6 Expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase 3 protein (A) and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio (B) in the human SMMC-7721 hepatocarcinoma cells by Western blot after treatment with doxorubicin and/or TiO2 nanoparticles for 48 hours. Line 1, control; line 2, incubated with 10 μg/mL TiO2 nanoparticles; line 3, incubated with 0.5 μg/mL doxorubicin; line 4, incubated with 0.5 μg/mL doxorubicin and 10 μg/mL TiO2 nanoparticles.
Abbreviations: DOX, doxorubicin; TiO2, titanium dioxide; Nps, nanoparticles.
Figure 7 Schematic illustration of the possible process of the anticancer efficacy enhancement and side effect attenuation by the drug delivery system based on TiO2 nanoparticles for DOX.
Abbreviations: DDS, drug delivery system; TiO2, titanium dioxide; DOX, doxorubicin; Nps, nanoparticles.
