Biomedical Potential of Plant-Based Selenium Nanoparticles: A Comprehensive Review on Therapeutic and Mechanistic Aspects

Figures & data

Figure 1 Diverse application potential of plant-based SeNPs in the medical and pharmaceutical industry.

Scheme 1 Pictorial overview of the study. The inner circle explains the biomedical potential of plant-based SeNPs while the outer circle explains the mechanistic approaches of SeNPs.

Figure 2 Different routes for the synthesis of SeNPs.

Figure 3 Photographic images of plant materials used previously for the biogenesis of plant-based SeNPs.

Figure 4 Different micrographic images of the plant-based SeNPs representing nanoparticles of various shapes and sizes. The images are adapted from the references.¹⁴,²³,⁴⁶,⁴⁸,⁷⁶ (A) SeNPs synthesized from Cassia auriculata (B) SeNPs synthesized from Hibiscus sabdariffa (C) SeNPs synthesized from Emblica officinalis (D) SeNPs synthesized from Catathelasma ventricosum (E) SeNPs synthesized from Withania somnifera (F) SeNPs synthesized from Ocimum tenuiflorum.

Figure 5 Possible anticancer mechanism of the plant-based SeNPs and different pathways that involve in the cytotoxic potential of SeNPs.

Figure 6 Anti-diabetic mechanism of the plant-based SeNPs against Streptozotocin-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in Rin- 5F pancreatic β-Cells.

Note: (Streptozotocin-induced): Upward arrow: Increase, Downward arrow: Decrease. Characters are the opposite in the case of SeNPs.

Figure 7 Possible antimicrobial mechanism of the plant-based SeNPs.

Figure 8 Possible antiviral mechanism of the plant-based SeNPs.

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