Organization of research team for nano-associated safety assessment in effort to study nanotoxicology of zinc oxide and silica nanoparticles

Figures & data

Figure 1 Structure of Research Team for Nano-Associated Safety Assessment.

Table 1 Summarized results of Research Team for Nano-Associated Safety Assessment (RT-NASA)

Number	Article title
1	Organization of RT-NASA in an effort to study nanotoxicology of zinc oxide and silica nanoparticles
2	Interactive survey of consumer awareness of nanotechnologies and nanoparticles in consumer products
3	Comparative analysis of nanotechnology awareness in consumers and experts
4	Surface treatment of SiO2 nanoparticles for stable and charge-controlled colloidal SiO2
5	Physicochemical properties of surface charge modified ZnO nanoparticles with different particle sizes
6	Effects of surface modifying ligands on the colloidal stability of ZnO nanoparticle dispersions in in vitro cytotoxicity test media
7	Toxicity of 90-day orally administered colloidal SiO2 nanoparticles in rats
8	90-days subchronic oral toxicity of negative charged ZnO nanoparticles (20 nm) in SD rats
9	90-days subchronic oral toxicity of positive charged ZnO nanoparticles (20 nm) in SD rats
10	Toxicity of 100 nm ZnO nanoparticles: a report of 90-day repeated oral administration in SD rats
11	Evaluation of SiO2 nanoparticles toxicity after topical exposure for 90 days
12	Toxicity of ZnO nanoparticle: a report of a 90-day repeated dose dermal toxicity study in rats
13	Prenatal and developmental toxicity study of ZnO nanoparticles (20 nm, negatively charged) in rats
14	Prenatal and developmental toxicity study of ZnO nanoparticles (20 nm, positively charged) in rats
15	SiO2 nanoparticles defect the genotoxic potential in in vitro and in vivo system
16	Immunotoxicity of SiO2 nanoparticles with different size and electrostatic charge
17	Immunotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles with different size and electrostatic charge
18	Analysis of SiO2 nanoparticles binding proteins in rat blood and brain homogenate
19	Analysis of ZnO nanoparticles binding proteins in rat blood
20	Permeability and toxicity of ZnO and SiO2 nanoparticles to blood–brain barrier using Evans blue and TEM
21	In vitro cytotoxicity of SiO2 or ZnO nanoparticles with different sizes and surface charges on U373 MG human glioblastoma cells
22	Optical imaging of absorption and distribution of RITC-SiO2 nanoparticles after oral administration
23	Tissue distribution and excretion kinetics of oral SiO2 nanoparticles in rats
24	Biokinetics of ZnO nanoparticles: toxicokinetics, biological fates, and protein interaction
25	Current investigations on genotoxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles: carcinogenic/genotoxic potential, relevant mechanisms and biomarkers, artifacts and limitations

Abbreviations: RITC, rhodamine isothiocyanate; SD, Sprague Dawley; SiO₂, silica; TEM, transmission electron microscopy; ZnO, zinc oxide.

Figure 2 Six functional steps of the nanosafety process established by the Research Team for Nano-Associated Safety Assessment (RT-NASA).

Figure 3 The entire system and research direction for the establishment of reliable nanotoxicity data.

Abbreviation: PWG, pathology working group.

Table 2 List of toxicity test reports of nanomaterials

Materials	Report title	Language
ZnO, SiO2	Physicochemical characterization on nanomaterials. Physicochemical properties of ZnO and SiO2 nanomaterials	Korean/English
ZnO^SM20(+/−)	Repeated dose 90-days oral toxicity of ZnO in rat Genotoxicology of ZnO Teratogenicity study of ZnO in rat	Korean/English
ZnO^AE100(+/−)	Repeated dose 90-days oral toxicity of ZnO in rat Genotoxicology of ZnO	Korean/English
SiO2 ^EN20(−/R)	Repeated dose 90-days oral toxicity of ZnO in rat Genotoxicology of ZnO	Korean/English
SiO2 ^EN100(−/R)	Repeated dose 90-days oral toxicity of ZnO in rat Genotoxicology of ZnO	Korean/English
ZnO, SiO2	Toxicokinetic study of nanoparticles (ZnO and SiO2) in rat	Korean/English

Abbreviations: R, L-arginine; SiO₂, silica; SiO₂ ^EN100(−/R), 100 nm negatively charged or R-coated SiO₂; SiO₂ ^EN20(−/R), 20 nm negatively charged or R-coated SiO₂; ZnO, zinc oxide; ZnO^AE100(+/−), 100 nm positively or negatively charged ZnO; ZnO^SM20(+/−), 20 nm positively or negatively charged ZnO.