Figures & data
Figure 1 SEM views of the GPs/CS composite feedstock and as-sprayed coating.
Notes: (A) SEM morphology of the composite powder; (B) shows high magnification of (A). (C) Surface topography of the sprayed GPs/CS composite coating. (D) and (E) show the GPs in the composite coating.
Abbreviations: SEM, scanning electron microscopy; GPs, graphene plates; CS, calcium silicate.
Figure 2 XRD patterns of the GPs/CS composite powder, CS and GPs/CS coatings.
Abbreviations: XRD, X-ray diffraction; GPs, graphene plates; CS, calcium silicate.
Figure 3 Raman patterns of the pure GPs and GPs/CS composite coating.
Abbreviations: GPs, graphene plates; CS, calcium silicate.
Figure 4 SEM views of the wear debris.
Notes: SEM views of the wear debris CS coating (A) and GPs/CS coating (B).
Abbreviations: SEM, scanning electron microscopy; GPs, graphene plates; calcium silicate.
Figure 5 Wear track morphologies.
Notes: Wear track morphologies of the CS (A) and GPs/CS coatings (B).
Abbreviations: GPs, graphene plates; CS, calcium silicate.
Figure 6 TEM observations of the GPs in the composite coating.
Notes: (A) Shows that the GPs existed in the interface or were semi-wrapped on the CS particles, and (B) exhibits that the GPs bridged the CS particles. The thickness of the GPs is about 10 nm (C), while some GPs were also exfoliated during the processes of plasma spraying or mechanical mixture (D). The arrows in (C) and (D) point out the thickness of one piece of graphene plate; and the interface between the graphene plate and calcium silicate is clear in the composite powder, while after spraying, some of the graphene plates were exfoliated.
Abbreviations: TEM, transmission electron microscopy; GPs, graphene plates; CS, calcium silicate.
Figure 7 Histological sections of the CS coating (A) and GPs/CS coating (B) after implantation for 1 M and 3 M.
Abbreviations: M, month(s); GPs, graphene plates; CS, calcium silicate.
